姦

See also: 奸 and 姧
姦 U+59E6, 姦
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59E6
← 姥
[U+59E5] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 姧 →
[U+59E7]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

姦 (radical 38, 女+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 女女女 (VVV), four-corner 40444, composition ⿱女奻)

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 260, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6217
  • Dae Jaweon: page 526, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1048, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+59E6

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 姦
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (姦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
姦 *kraːn
葌 *kraːn

Ideogrammic compound (會意): Triplication of 女 (“woman”).

Etymology 1Edit

trad. 姦
simp. 奸

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • 1ke - vernacular;
  • 1ji - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 姦
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕian²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕiã²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕiã²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕian²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiã²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕiɛ̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡ɕiɛn⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
Kunming /t͡ɕiɛ̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /t͡ɕien³¹/
Hefei /t͡ɕiĩ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ke⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡ɕiɪ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕiẽ̞³³/
Wenzhou /ka³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕie³¹/
/kɛ³¹/
Tunxi /kɔ¹¹/ 強～
/t͡siɛ¹¹/ ～賊
Xiang Changsha /kan³³/
Xiangtan /kan³³/
Gan Nanchang /kan⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /kian⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kien²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kan⁵³/
Nanning /kan⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kan⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kan⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kaŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kaiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kaŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kaŋ²³/
Rime
Character 姦
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 刪 (69)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古顔切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠan/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚan/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kaɨn/
Li
Rong 		/kan/
Wang
Li 		/kan/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kan/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiān
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 姦
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jiān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kæn ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k]ˁran/
English wicked(ness)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 姦
Reading # 1/1
No. 6027
Phonetic
component 		姦
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		姦
Old
Chinese 		/*kraːn/

DefinitionsEdit

姦

  1. evil; wicked; treacherous
  2. evildoer; treacherous person
    • 姦人 / 奸人  ―  jiānrén  ―  bad person, evildoer
  3. to stage an armed rebellion or to steal
  4. traitor; betrayer
  5. to commit adultery
    • 通姦 / 通奸  ―  tōngjiān  ―  to commit adultery
  6. extramarital affair; adultery
  7. to rape

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

trad. 姦
simp. 奸
alternative forms 幹／干

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from 幹?”)

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

姦

  1. (Hokkien, vulgar) to fuck
  2. (Mainland China Hokkien, vulgar) to swear; to curse
  3. (Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar) a word used to express one's anger: fuck!
  4. (Singapore Hokkien, slang, vulgar) to scold
    伊著姦。 / 伊著奸。 [Hokkien]  ―  I tio̍h kàn. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  He/She got scolded.

SynonymsEdit

Dialectal synonyms of 肏 (“to fuck; to have sex with”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Mandarin Beijing 肏1, 日
Taiwan 幹, 肏1
Harbin 肏1
Shenyang 肏1
Muping 肏1
Jinan 肏1
Luoyang 日, 尻
Wanrong 日
Xi'an 窄, 失
Yinchuan 日
Lanzhou 日
Xining 日
Ürümqi 日
Wuhan 日, 搞
Chengdu 日
Guiyang 日, 肏1
Kunming 日
Guilin 屌, 肏1
Liuzhou 屌, 肏1
Xuzhou 日, 尻, 操, 肏1
Yangzhou 入
Nanjing 日, 操
Hefei 弄
Malaysia 幹
Singapore 幹
Cantonese Guangzhou 屌
Hong Kong 屌
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 屌
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 屌
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 屌
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 屌
Macau 屌
Panyu 屌
Huadu (Huashan) 屌
Conghua 屌
Zengcheng 屌
Foshan 屌
Nanhai (Shatou) 屌
Shunde 屌
Sanshui 屌
Gaoming (Mingcheng) 屌
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 屌
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 屌
Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 屌
Doumen 屌
Jiangmen (Baisha) 屌
Xinhui 屌
Taishan 屌
Kaiping (Chikan) 屌
Enping (Niujiang) 屌
Heshan (Yayao) 屌
Dongguan 屌
Bao'an (Shajing) 屌
Qingyuan 屌
Fogang 屌
Yingde (Hanguang) 屌
Yangshan 屌
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 屌
Shaoguan 屌
Qujiang 屌
Renhua 屌
Lechang 屌
Gaoyao 屌
Sihui 屌
Guangning 屌
Deqing 屌
Huaiji 屌
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 屌
Yunfu 屌
Xinxing 屌
Luoding 屌
Yunan (Pingtai) 屌
Yangjiang 屌
Xinyi 屌
Lianjiang 屌
Beihai 屌
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 屌
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 屌
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 屌
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 屌
Penang (Guangfu) 屌
Singapore (Guangfu) 屌
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 屌
Móng Cái 屌
Gan Nanchang 戳
Lichuan 戳
Pingxiang 戳
Hakka Meixian 屌
Dabu (Xihe) 屌
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 屌
Huidong (Daling) 屌
Dongguan (Qingxi) 屌
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 屌
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 屌
Wuhua (Huacheng) 屌
Heyuan (Bendihua) 屌
Wengyuan 屌
Qujiang 屌
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 屌
Liannan 屌
Conghua (Lütian) 屌
Jiexi 屌
Changting 屌
Wuping 屌
Wuping (Yanqian) 屌
Wuping (Pingyu) 屌
Liancheng 屌
Ninghua 屌
Yudu 屌, 戳
Ningdu 屌
Ruijin 屌
Shicheng 屌
Shangyou 屌
Tonggu (Sandu) 屌, 戳
Ganzhou (Panlong) 屌
Dayu 屌
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 屌
Hsinchu (Hailu) 屌
Dongshi (Dabu) 屌
Hsinchu (Raoping) 屌
Hong Kong 屌
Yangxi (Tangkou) 屌
Yangchun (Sanjia) 屌
Xinyi (Sihe) 屌
Xinyi (Qianpai) 屌
Gaozhou (Xindong) 屌
Dianbai (Shalang) 屌
Huazhou (Xin'an) 屌
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 屌
Lianjiang (Qingping) 屌
Mengshan (Xihe) 屌
Luchuan 屌
Sabah (Longchuan) 屌
Kuala Lumpur 屌
Jin Taiyuan 透, 肏1, 日
Xinzhou 透, 日
Linhe 透
Jining 透
Hohhot 透
Baotou 透
Min Bei Jian'ou 饁
Min Dong Fuzhou 𠚺
Changle 𠚺
Fuqing 𠚺
Gutian 𠚺
Fu'an 操
Ningde 操
Shouning 戳
Zhouning 戳
Fuding 操
Min Nan Xiamen 姦
Tong'an 箍
Quanzhou 使
Jinjiang 使
Nan'an 使
Hui'an 使
Anxi 使
Yongchun 使
Dehua 使
Zhangzhou 姦, 躄
Taipei 姦
Kaohsiung 姦
Tainan 姦
Taichung 姦
Taitung 姦
Yilan 姦
Penang (Hokkien) 姦
Singapore (Hokkien) 姦
Manila (Hokkien) 使
Chaozhou 甫
Shantou 甫
Chenghai 甫
Chaoyang 甫
Jieyang 甫
Lufeng 甫
Haifeng 甫
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 甫
Singapore (Teochew) 甫
Leizhou 肏4
Wenchang 肏4
Haikou 肏4
Puxian Min Putian 騷
Xianyou 騷
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 屌
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 屌
Wu Shanghai 戳
Chongming 戳
Suzhou 戳
Danyang 肏5
Ningbo 嬉
Wenzhou 裝
Jinhua 弄, 入
Xiang Changsha 肏3
Shuangfeng 肏3
Loudi 肏3
  • (word to express one's anger): 肏 (cào)
Dialectal synonyms of 罵 (“to scold”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 罵
Mandarin Beijing 罵, 啳
Taiwan 罵
Jinan 罵, 啳
Xi'an 罵, 噘
Wuhan 罵, 通
Chengdu 罵
Guilin 罵
Yangzhou 罵
Hefei 抽, 噘
Malaysia 罵
Singapore 罵
Cantonese Guangzhou 鬧, 插
Hong Kong 鬧, 插
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 鬧
Macau 鬧
Panyu 鬧
Huadu (Huashan) 鬧
Conghua 鬧
Zengcheng 怒
Foshan 鬧
Nanhai (Shatou) 嗌
Shunde 鬧
Sanshui 鬧
Gaoming (Mingcheng) 鬧
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 鬧
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 鬧
Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 鬧
Doumen 鬧
Jiangmen (Baisha) 鬧
Xinhui 鬧
Taishan 鬧
Kaiping (Chikan) 鬧
Enping (Niujiang) 鬧
Heshan (Yayao) 鬧
Dongguan 鬧
Bao'an (Shajing) 鬧
Yangjiang 數
Beihai 嬲
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 嬲
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 嬲
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 嬲
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 鬧
Singapore (Guangfu) 鬧
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 鬧
Móng Cái 嬲
Gan Nanchang 罵
Hakka Meixian 罵
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 鬧
Dongguan (Qingxi) 罵
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 罵
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 罵
Liudui (S. Sixian) 罵
Hsinchu (Hailu) 罵
Dongshi (Dabu) 罵
Hsinchu (Raoping) 罵
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 罵
Jin Taiyuan 罵
Min Bei Jian'ou 罵, 詈
Min Dong Fuzhou 罵, 嚗
Min Nan Xiamen 罵, 詈
Quanzhou 罵, 詈
Jinjiang 罵
Zhangzhou 罵, 詈
Zhao'an 罵
Taipei 罵
Kaohsiung 罵
Tainan 罵
Taichung 罵
Hsinchu 罵
Lukang 罵
Sanxia 罵
Yilan 罵
Kinmen 罵
Magong 罵
Penang (Hokkien) 罵
Singapore (Hokkien) 罵
Manila (Hokkien) 罵
Chaozhou 罵
Shantou 罵
Chaoyang 罵
Jieyang 罵
Singapore (Teochew) 罵
Wenchang 罵
Singapore (Hainanese) 罵
Wu Suzhou 罵
Wenzhou 𧮙, 謴
Xiang Changsha 罵, 咒, 反
Shuangfeng 咒, 罵

CompoundsEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

姦

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. wicked
  2. mischief
  3. seduce
  4. rape
  5. noisy

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Compounds


Kanji in this term
姦
かん
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese 姦.

PronunciationEdit

Alternative formsEdit

AdjectiveEdit

姦(かん) • (kan) -na (adnominal 姦(かん)な (kan na), adverbial 姦(かん)に (kan ni))

  1. wicked

InflectionEdit

Inflection of 姦
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 姦だろ かんだろ kan daro
Continuative (連用形) 姦で かんで kan de
Terminal (終止形) 姦だ かんだ kan da
Attributive (連体形) 姦な かんな kan na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 姦なら かんなら kan nara
Imperative (命令形) 姦であれ かんであれ kan de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 姦ではない
姦じゃない 		かんではない
かんじゃない 		kan de wa nai
kan ja nai
Informal past 姦だった かんだった kan datta
Informal negative past 姦ではなかった
姦じゃなかった 		かんではなかった
かんじゃなかった 		kan de wa nakatta
kan ja nakatta
Formal 姦です かんです kan desu
Formal negative 姦ではありません
姦じゃありません 		かんではありません
かんじゃありません 		kan de wa arimasen
kan ja arimasen
Formal past 姦でした かんでした kan deshita
Formal negative past 姦ではありませんでした
姦じゃありませんでした 		かんではありませんでした
かんじゃありませんでした 		kan de wa arimasen deshita
kan ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 姦で かんで kan de
Conditional 姦なら（ば） かんなら（ば） kan nara (ba)
Provisional 姦だったら かんだったら kan dattara
Volitional 姦だろう かんだろう kan darō
Adverbial 姦に かんに kan ni
Degree 姦さ かんさ kansa

NounEdit

姦(かん) • (kan) 

  1. wickedness, wicked person

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese 姦 (MC kˠan). Recorded as Middle Korean 간 (Yale: kan) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

PronunciationEdit

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠ːn]
  • Phonetic hangeul: [간ː]
    • Long vowel distinction only applies at the initial position. Most speakers no longer distinguish vowel length at any position.

HanjaEdit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

姦 (eumhun 간음할 간 (ganeumhal gan))

  1. Hanja form? of 간 (“evil; wicked; treacherous”).
  2. Hanja form? of 간 (“to rape; to fornicate”).

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

ReferencesEdit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

姦: Hán Nôm readings: gian

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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