孔子

Chinese

		Kong (surname)	respectful suffix for a male
simp. and trad. (孔子)		孔	子

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Kǒngzǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄗˇ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): hung² zi²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): huung² du²

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Khûng-chṳ́
• Min Dong (BUC): Kūng-cṳ̄
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): Khóng-chú / Khóng-chír / Khóng-chí

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kong² ze²

• Wu (Wiktionary): khon tsr (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: Kǒngzǐ [Phonetic: kóngzǐ]
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄗˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Koongtzyy
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Kǒngzǐh
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: hung² zi²
    • Yale: húng jí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hung² dzi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: hung² ji²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: huung² du²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɵŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Khûng-chṳ́
    • Hakka Romanization System: kung´ zii`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kung¹ zi³
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰuŋ²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Kūng-cṳ̄
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuŋ³³⁻³⁵ ^(t͡s-)ʒy³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khóng-chú
    • Tâi-lô: Khóng-tsú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qofngzuo
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khóng-chír
    • Tâi-lô: Khóng-tsír
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khóng-chí
    • Tâi-lô: Khóng-tsí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qofngcie
    • IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /kʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡ɕi⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kong² ze²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khóng tsṳ́
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sɯ⁵²⁻²¹/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: khon tsr (T2)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ³³ t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /kʰuŋ^X  t͡sɨ^X/

Rime
Character	孔	子
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	康董切	即里切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuŋX/	/t͡sɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuŋX/	/t͡sɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuŋX/	/t͡sieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəwŋX/	/t͡sɨX/
Li Rong	/kʰuŋX/	/t͡siəX/
Wang Li	/kʰuŋX/	/t͡sĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰuŋX/	/t͡siX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kǒng	zǐ

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʰˤoŋʔ  tsəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰloːŋʔ  ʔslɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	孔	子
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kǒng	zǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ khuwngX ›	‹ tsiX ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʰˁoŋʔ/	/*tsəʔ/
English	(surname)	child; gentleman, master
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	孔	子
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	7489	17857
Phonetic component	孔	子
Rime group	東	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	孔	子
Old Chinese	/*kʰloːŋʔ/	/*ʔslɯʔ/
Notes	金文象就乳，與古候切從子殼聲字（說文乳也）同源

Proper noun

孔子

1. Confucius

Synonyms

edit

• 仲尼 (Zhòngní)
• 先師／先师 (xiānshī)
• 夫子 (fūzǐ)
• 孔 (kǒng)

• 孔丘 (Kǒng Qiū)
• 孔夫子 (Kǒng Fūzǐ)
• 孔子公 (Min Nan)
• 素王 (sùwáng)

Derived terms

• 孔子公
• 孔子學院／孔子学院 (Kǒngzǐ Xuéyuàn)
• 孔子廟／孔子庙 (Kǒngzǐmiào)

• 孔子白
• 孔子鳥／孔子鸟 (kǒngzǐniǎo)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (孔子):

• → Japanese: 孔(こう)子(し) (Kōshi)
• → Korean: 공자 (孔子, Gongja)
• → Vietnamese: Khổng Tử (孔子)

Others:

• → English: Kongzi
• → Kazakh: Құң-зы (Quñ-zı)
• → Khmer: ខុងជឺ (khong cɨɨ)
• → Lao: ຂົງຈື້ (khong chư̄)
• → Manchu: ᡴᡠᠩᡯᡳ (kungdzi)
• → Mongolian: Күнз (Künz)
• → Russian: Ку́н-цзы́ (Kún-czý)
• → Thai: ขงจื๊อ (kǒng-jʉ́ʉ)
• → Tibetan: ཁུང་ཙི (khung tsi)
• → Uyghur: كۇڭزى‎ (kungzi)
• → Zhuang: Gungjswj

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
孔	子
こう Grade: S	し Grade: 1
kan’on

Kanji in this term
孔	子
く Grade: S	し > じ Grade: 1
goon

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 孔子 (MC kʰuŋ^X t͡sɨ^X).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Kan’on
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ːɕi]

• On’yomi: Goon
• IPA^(key): [kɯ̟ᵝʑi]

Proper noun

孔(こう)子(し) or 孔(く)子(じ) • (Kōshi or Kuji) 

1. Confucius

   Synonym: 孔夫子 (Kō Fūshi)

See also

• 孟(もう)子(し) (Mōshi)

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Korean

Hanja in this term
孔	子

Proper noun

孔子 • (Gongja) (hangeul 공자)

1. Hanja form^? of 공자 (“Confucius”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
孔	子

Proper noun

孔子

1. Hán tự form of Khổng Tử (“Confucius”).