孖

Translingual edit

Han character edit

孖 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 弓木弓木 (NDND), four-corner 1744₇, composition ⿰子子)

Derived characters edit

𠲚, 孨, 㝈, 𫩼, 𡥨, 𤂇

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 277, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6941
Dae Jaweon: page 545, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1011, character 1
Unihan data for U+5B56

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		孖

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (子) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
孜	*ʔslɯ
仔	ʔslɯ, ʔslɯʔ
孖	ʔslɯ, zlɯs
子	*ʔslɯʔ
虸	*ʔslɯʔ
耔	*ʔslɯʔ
秄	*ʔslɯʔ
杍	*ʔslɯʔ
籽	*ʔslɯʔ
字	*zlɯs
茡	*zlɯs
芓	*zlɯs
牸	*zlɯs
李	*rɯʔ

Duplication of 子.

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zī (zi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄗ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zī
  - Zhuyin: ㄗ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zih
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ¹
  - Yale: dz̄
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzy
  - Palladius: цзы (czy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi¹
  - Yale: jī
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: tsi, dziH

Rime
Character	孖	孖
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	子之切	疾置切
Baxter	tsi	dziH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɨ/	/d͡zɨ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɨ/	/d͡zɨ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sie/	/d͡zie^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɨ/	/d͡zɨ^H/
Li Rong	/t͡siə/	/d͡ziə^H/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭə/	/d͡zĭə^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡si/	/d͡zʱi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zī	zì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi¹	zi⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔslɯ/, /*zlɯs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	孖	孖
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	17856	17867
Phonetic component	子	子
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	兹	字
Old Chinese	/*ʔslɯ/	/*zlɯs/

Definitions edit

孖

twin
Alternative form of 滋 (zī, “to propagate”)

Compounds edit

孖蟲／孖虫

Etymology 2 edit

Probably a Kra-Dai substrate word, most likely from a Northern Tai language (Li, 1990). Compare Bouyei legwal (“twins”), Thai ฝาแฝด (fǎa, “twins”).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mā (ma¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄚ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): maa¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ma¹, ma^1*

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mā
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ma
  - Wade–Giles: ma¹
  - Yale: mā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mha
  - Palladius: ма (ma)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mä⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: maa¹
  - Yale: mā
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maa¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ma¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maː⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ma¹, ma^1*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐba³³/, /ᵐba³³⁻³³⁵/

Definitions edit

孖 (Cantonese)

twin
孖女 [Cantonese] ― maa¹ neoi^5-2 [Jyutping] ― twin girls
conjoined
Classifier for a pair of linked objects. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
一孖臘腸／一孖腊肠 [Cantonese] ― jat¹ maa¹ laap⁶ coeng^4-2 [Jyutping] ― a pair of Chinese sausages
paired up; made into a pair
(Singapore) double portion (food)
孖麵／孖面 [Cantonese] ― maa¹ min⁶ [Jyutping] ― double portion of noodles

Compounds edit

References edit

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C02433
“孖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

孖

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

twins

Readings edit

Go-on: し (shi); じ (ji)
Kan-on: し (shi)
Kun: ふたご (futago, 孖)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

孖 (eum 자 (ja))

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