形容動詞
Chinese edit
verb | |||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (形容動詞) | 形容 | 動詞 | |
simp. (形容动词) | 形容 | 动词 | |
Literally: “adjectival verb”. |
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
形容動詞
- (grammar) adjectival noun (in Japanese grammar)
Japanese edit
Kanji in this term | |||
---|---|---|---|
形 | 容 | 動 | 詞 |
けい Grade: 2 |
よう Grade: 5 |
どう Grade: 3 |
し Grade: 6 |
on’yomi |
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Compound of 形容 (keiyō, “description; form”) + 動詞 (dōshi, “verb”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
形容動詞 • (keiyō dōshi)
- (grammar) a -na adjective: specific to Japanese grammar, an adjective with an attributive form that ends in な (-na)
Usage notes edit
English-language labels for this part of speech are various, and include adjective, adjectival noun, the literal translation of adjectival verb, copular noun, "-na" adjective, and quasi-adjective.
Although this term contains the word 動詞 (dōshi, “verb”) and some sources compare them to verbs, some people feel that there is nothing intrinsically verb-like about these words in the modern language. Historically, this appellation probably arose due to certain inflectionary endings that derived from verbs, such as なる (naru, homophonic with naru "to become", but actually derived as a contraction of ni aru "to be (in a certain state)").
Japanese has three classes of words that correspond to adjectives in English: 形容動詞 (keiyō dōshi), 形容詞 (keiyōshi), and 連体詞 (rentaishi). There are no generally accepted English translations for these parts of speech, and varying texts adopt different translations. Note that some western texts call 形容詞 (keiyōshi) "adjectival verbs", so take caution when using the literal translation of 形容動詞 (keiyō dōshi).
In more practical and less academic texts, all three of these parts of speech are broadly called “adjectives”, with explanations given for how each type functions.
Synonyms edit
- (adjective, in the broad sense of a word that modifies a noun):
See also edit
- Category:Japanese な-na adjectives
- (parts of speech) 品詞 (hinshi); 冠詞 (kanshi, “article”), 感動詞 (kandōshi, “interjection”), 形容詞 (keiyōshi, “adjective”), 形容動詞 (keiyō dōshi, “adjectival noun”), 数詞 (sūshi, “numeral”), 接続詞 (setsuzokushi, “conjunction”), 前置詞 (zenchishi, “preposition”), 代名詞 (daimeishi, “pronoun”), 動詞 (dōshi, “verb”), 副詞 (fukushi, “adverb”), 名詞 (meishi, “noun”) (Category: ja:Parts of speech)
References edit
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
Further reading edit
- 形容動詞 on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja
- Japanese adjectives on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Korean edit
Hanja in this term | |||
---|---|---|---|
形 | 容 | 動 | 詞 |
Noun edit
形容動詞 • (hyeong'yongdongsa) (hangeul 형용동사)
- Hanja form? of 형용동사 (“(grammar) adjectival noun in Japanese grammar”).