恘

恘 U+6058, 恘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6058 ← 恗 [U+6057] CJK Unified Ideographs 恙 → [U+6059]

Translingual

Han character

恘 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心人木 (POD), four-corner 9409₀, composition ⿰忄休)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 384, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10564
• Dae Jaweon: page 715, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2296, character 6
• Unihan data for U+6058

Chinese

simp. and trad.		恘

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (休) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
茠	*qʰuː
烋	*qʰruː, *qʰru
恘	*kʰu
休	*qʰu
貅	*qʰu
咻	*qʰu, *qʰoʔ
庥	*qʰu
鵂	*qʰu
髤	*qʰu
髹	*qʰu

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiū (qiu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄡ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau¹, cau⁴
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹chieu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiū
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciou
    • Wade–Giles: chʻiu¹
    • Yale: chyōu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiou
    • Palladius: цю (cju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jau¹, cau⁴
    • Yale: yāu, chàuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau¹, tsau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo¹, ceo⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰɐu̯²¹/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai, Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹chieu
    • MiniDict: chieu^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹qieu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰiɤ⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡ɕʰʏ⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: khjuw

Rime
Character	恘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	去秋切
Baxter	khjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰiu/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuw/
Li Rong	/kʰiu/
Wang Li	/kʰĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hau1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰu/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	恘
Reading #	1/1
No.	13918
Phonetic component	休
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	恘
Old Chinese	/*kʰu/
Notes	集韻併入袪尤切丘組

Definitions

恘

1. ^‡ perverse; ruthless; tyrannical
2. (Wu) bad; subpar; insidious

   恘戲鑼鼓多，恘人閒話多。 [Suzhounese, trad.]
   恘戏锣鼓多，恘人闲话多。 [Suzhounese, simp.]

   From: 1993, 蘇州方言詞典, page 154

   ¹chieu-shi₅ ²lou-kou₃ ¹tou ¹chieu-gnin₂ ²ghe-gho₆ ¹tou [Wugniu]

   It's a bad opera that's ridden with gongs banging; it's a bad person who chatters on and on.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 壞 (“bad; not good”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		惡
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		壞
Mandarin	Beijing	壞, 賴
	Taiwan	壞
	Jinan	壞, 孬, 賴
	Xi'an	瞎, 壞
	Wuhan	壞, 拐
	Chengdu	壞
	Yangzhou	壞
	Hefei	壞
	Malaysia	壞
	Singapore	壞
Cantonese	Guangzhou	壞, 弊, 衰
	Hong Kong	壞, 衰
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	衰
	Yangjiang	壞
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	衰
	Singapore (Guangfu)	衰
Gan	Nanchang	壞
Hakka	Meixian	壞
	Wuhua (Meilin)	衰
Jin	Taiyuan	賴, 壞
Northern Min	Jian'ou	壞, 獰
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	呆, 否
Southern Min	Xiamen	歹, 䆀
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	歹
	Quanzhou	歹
	Jinjiang	歹
	Nan'an	歹
	Shishi	歹
	Zhangzhou	䆀
	Zhao'an	䆀, 孬
	Tainan	歹
	Penang (Hokkien)	䆀, 歹
	Singapore (Hokkien)	歹
	Manila (Hokkien)	歹
	Datian	歹
	Chaozhou	孬
	Shantou	孬
	Jieyang	孬, 歹
	Singapore (Teochew)	歹, 孬
	Leizhou	㾀
	Wenchang	㾀
	Haikou	㾀
	Singapore (Hainanese)	㾀
Wu	Shanghai	壞, 恘
	Suzhou	壞, 恘
	Ningbo	歪, 推扳, 嘸做
	Wenzhou	毛
Xiang	Changsha	壞, 拐
	Shuangfeng	壞, 拐

References

• (Cantonese) Jyutping Database (粵拼資料庫)
• “恘”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–