挽

See also: 輓

挽	U+633D, 挽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-633D

← 挼
[U+633C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

挾 →
[U+633E]

挽	U+2F8B9, 挽 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8B9

← 𢬌
[U+2F8B8]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

拼 →
[U+2F8BA]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

挽 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手弓日山 (QNAU), four-corner 5701₆, composition ⿰扌免)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 432, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12111
Dae Jaweon: page 781, character 17
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1886, character 5
Unihan data for U+633D

Unihan data for U+2F8B9

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		挽

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (免) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
免	*mronʔ
娩	mronʔ, mronʔ, m̥ʰons, monʔ, mons, muns
勉	*mronʔ
俛	*mronʔ
鮸	*mronʔ
冕	*mronʔ
絻	mronʔ, moːn, *muns
婏	*m̥ʰos
浼	*muːlʔ
鞔	*moːn
悗	*moːn
嬎	*m̥ʰons
晚	*monʔ
挽	*monʔ
輓	monʔ, mons
脕	monʔ, mons, *muns
莬	*muns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *monʔ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 免 (OC *mronʔ).

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wǎn (wan³)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): waan⁵
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): boán / bán
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵ue

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǎn
  - Wade–Giles: wan³
  - Yale: wǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woan
  - Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wän²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: waan⁵
  - Yale: wáahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: waan⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: wan⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /waːn¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: boán
  - Tâi-lô: buán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: boarn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /buan⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /buan⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bán
  - Tâi-lô: bán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: barn
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ban⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ban⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ban⁴¹/

Note:

boán - literary;
bán - vernacular.

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵ue
  - MiniDict: ue^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ue
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ue³⁴/

Middle Chinese: mjonX

Rime
Character	挽
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	無遠切
Baxter	mjonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mʉɐn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/mʷiɐn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/miuɐn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muan^X/
Li Rong	/miuɐn^X/
Wang Li	/mĭwɐn^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯wɐn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	maan⁵

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*monʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	挽
Reading #	1/1
No.	9081
Phonetic component	免
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	晚
Old Chinese	/*monʔ/

Definitions edit

挽

to pull
to pull back; to draw back
(alt. form 輓／挽) to grieve; to mourn; to lament (a person's death)
to save (damages, reputation, lost fortune, etc.); to recover; to reverse
(alt. form 綰／绾) to roll up; to coil
(Southern Min) to pluck; to pick
細漢偷挽匏，大漢偷牽牛 [Hokkien, trad.]
细汉偷挽匏，大汉偷牵牛 [Hokkien, simp.]
sè-hàn thau bán pû, tōa-hàn thau khan gû [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
one's behavior as a child will be paralleled in adulthood
'if as a child one picks calabash (and steals them), then as adult one will lead cattle (and steal them) too'

Synonyms edit

(to pull):

Dialectal synonyms of 拉 (“to pull; to tug”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		拉, 挽
Mandarin	Beijing	抻, 扽
	Taiwan	拉
	Jinan	抻, 拉
	Xi'an	拉, 抻, 扯
	Wuhan	拉, 扯, 𠡒
	Chengdu	扯, 拉
	Guilin	扯
	Yangzhou	拽, 扽, 拉
	Hefei	拉, 拽
	Singapore	拉
Cantonese	Guangzhou	拉, 掹
	Hong Kong	拉, 掹
	Yangjiang	掹, 拉
	Singapore (Guangfu)	拉
Gan	Nanchang	扯, 𠡒
Hakka	Meixian	挷
Jin	Taiyuan	扯
Northern Min	Jian'ou	拔, 揄
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	拔
Southern Min	Xiamen	搝, 擢
	Quanzhou	搝, 擢
	Zhangzhou	搝, 擢
	Taipei	搝
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	搝
	Kaohsiung	搝
	Yilan	搝
	Changhua (Lukang)	搝
	Taichung	搝
	Tainan	搝, 擢
	Hsinchu	搝
	Kinmen	搝
	Penghu (Magong)	搝
	Penang (Hokkien)	搝, 擢
	Singapore (Hokkien)	搝
	Manila (Hokkien)	拔
	Chaozhou	𠡒
Wu	Shanghai	拉
	Suzhou	拉
	Ningbo	拉, 𠡒
	Wenzhou	拉, 𢱋, 𠡒
Xiang	Changsha	扯, 悶
Xiang	Shuangfeng	扯

扳
拖 (tuō)
拉動／拉动 (lādòng)
拖拉 (tuōlā)
拖曳 (tuōyè)
牽引／牵引 (qiānyǐn)

(to grieve):

哀悼 (āidào)
悼念 (dàoniàn)
悲悼 (bēidào)

(to save): 挽回 (wǎnhuí)
(to roll up): 捲起／卷起 (juǎnqǐ)
(to pluck): 摘 (zhāi); (Hakka) 拗

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 挽 – see 輓 (“to pull; to draw; to mourn; to lament; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 輓).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References edit

“Entry #6006”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Etymology 3 edit

Pronunciation edit

Cantonese (Jyutping): waan²

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: waan²
  - Yale: wáan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: waan²
  - Guangdong Romanization: wan²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /waːn³⁵/

Definitions edit

挽

(Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang, leetspeak) Alternative form of 玩 (waan4-2)

Japanese edit

Shinjitai (extended)	Shinjitai (extended)	挽󠄀 挽+`󠄀`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
挽󠄂 挽+`󠄂`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
Kyūjitai	挽
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