支

See also: 攴 and 枝

支	U+652F, 支 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-652F

← 攮
[U+652E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

攰 →
[U+6530]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

See images of
Radical 65 支

支 (radical 65, 支+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 十水 (JE), four-corner 4040₇, composition ⿱十又)

Kangxi radical #65, ⽀.

Derived charactersEdit

DescendantsEdit

𛀦

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 467, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13061
Dae Jaweon: page 814, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1327, character 14
Unihan data for U+652F

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		支

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 支
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (支) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
支	*kje
枝	*kje
肢	*kje
汥	kje, ɡe, *ɡres
衼	*kje
馶	kje, qʰjes, kes, ɡe
鳷	*kje
忮	*kjes
伎	kjes, ɡe, *ɡreʔ
豉	*ɡjes
翅	*qʰjes
翄	qʰjes, ɡe
妓	kre, ɡreʔ
庋	kreʔ, kʷreʔ
跂	kʰeʔ, kʰes, *ɡe
蚑	kʰes, ɡe
吱	*kʰes
岐	*ɡe
歧	*ɡe
鬾	ɡre, ɡres
技	*ɡreʔ
芰	*ɡres
攱	kʷreʔ, kʷres
庪	*kʷreʔ
頍	*kʰʷeʔ
屐	*ɡreɡ

Shuowen: Half of 竹 + 又.

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhī (zhi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓ

(Chengdu, SP): zi¹

(Dungan, Cyrillic): җы (žɨ, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi¹
Gan (Wiktionary): zi¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kî / chṳ̂

(Meixian, Guangdong): gi¹ / zi¹
Jin (Wiktionary): zi¹
Min Bei (KCR): cí
Min Dong (BUC): ciĕ
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): ki / chi

(Teochew, Peng'im): gi¹ / zin¹
Wu (Wiktionary): tsr (T1)
Xiang (Wiktionary): zhr¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhī
  - Zhuyin: ㄓ
  - Wade–Giles: chih¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jy
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhih
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zi¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: җы (žɨ, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi¹
  - Yale: jī
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: zi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kî / chṳ̂
  - Hakka Romanization System: gi´ / zii´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gi¹ / zi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki²⁴/, /t͡sɨ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gi¹ / zi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ci⁴⁴/, /t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

Note:

kî - vernacular;
chṳ̂ - literary.

Jin

(Taiyuan)⁺
- Wiktionary: zi¹
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩¹¹/

Min Bei

(Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cí
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁵⁴/

Min Dong

(Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ciĕ
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sie⁵⁵/

Min Nan

(Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki / chi
- Tâi-lô: ki / tsi
- Phofsit Daibuun: ky, cy
- IPA (Xiamen): /ki⁴⁴/, /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ki³³/, /t͡ɕi³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki⁴⁴/, /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /ki⁴⁴/, /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki⁴⁴/, /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/

Note:

ki - vernacular;
chi - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: gi¹ / zin¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ki / tsiⁿ
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki³³/, /t͡sĩ³³/

Note: gi1 - vernacular, zin1 - literary.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsr (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zhr¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡sz̩³³/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiᴇ/

Rime
Character	支
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	章移切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciə̆/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕie/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhī

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ke/

(Zhengzhang): /*kje/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	支	支
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhī	zhī
Middle Chinese	‹ tsye ›	‹ tsye ›
Old Chinese	/*ke/	/*ke/
English	support, hold up	branch (of tree), limb
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	支
Reading #	1/1
No.	17200
Phonetic component	支
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	支
Old Chinese	/*kje/

DefinitionsEdit

支

to support; to bear; to sustain
to disburse; to pay; to defray
to prop up; to put up
to send away; to put off somebody
branch; offshoot; subdivision
A surname.
Classifier for cigarettes, arrows, pens, drinking straws. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
(obsolete, now usually derogatory and offensive) Short for 支那 (Zhīnà, “China”).
印支 ― Yìnzhī ― Indochina

日滿支親善 / 日满支亲善 ― Rì Mǎn Zhī qīnshàn ― (please add an English translation of this example)