for many days; wasting many days | |||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (曠日持久) | 曠日 | 持久 | |
simp. (旷日持久) | 旷日 | 持久 |
Rime | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Character | 曠 | 日 | 持 | 久 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 日 (38) | 澄 (11) | 見 (28) |
Final (韻) | 唐 (102) | 眞 (48) | 之 (19) | 尤 (136) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
Openness (開合) | Closed | Open | Open | Open |
Division (等) | I | III | III | III |
Fanqie | 苦謗切 | 人質切 | 直之切 | 舉有切 |
Baxter | khwangH | nyit | dri | kjuwX |
Reconstructions | ||||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kʰwɑŋH/ | /ȵiɪt̚/ | /ɖɨ/ | /kɨuX/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/kʰʷɑŋH/ | /ȵit̚/ | /ɖɨ/ | /kiuX/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/kʰuɑŋH/ | /ȵʑjet̚/ | /ȡie/ | /kiəuX/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kʰwaŋH/ | /ȵit̚/ | /ɖɨ/ | /kuwX/ |
Li Rong |
/kʰuɑŋH/ | /ȵiĕt̚/ | /ȡiə/ | /kiuX/ |
Wang Li |
/kʰuɑŋH/ | /ȵʑĭĕt̚/ | /ȡĭə/ | /kĭəuX/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/kʰwɑŋH/ | /ȵʑi̯ĕt̚/ | /ȡʱi/ | /ki̯ə̯uX/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
kuàng | rì | chí | jiǔ |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
fong3 | jat6 | ci4 | gau2 |
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Character | 曠 | 日 | 持 | 久 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
kuàng | rì | chí | jiǔ |
Middle Chinese |
‹ khwangH › | ‹ nyit › | ‹ dri › | ‹ kjuwX › |
Old Chinese |
/*[k-m̥]ˁaŋ-s/ | /*C.nik/ | /*[d]rə/ | /*[k]ʷəʔ/ |
English | desolate, waste | sun; day | grasp, hold | a long time |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Character | 曠 | 日 | 持 | 久 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
No. | 5373 | 10845 | 12031 | 6969 |
Phonetic component |
黄 | 日 | 寺 | 久 |
Rime group |
陽 | 質 | 之 | 之 |
Rime subdivision |
0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Corresponding MC rime |
曠 | 日 | 治 | 久 |
Old Chinese |
/*kʰʷaːŋs/ | /*njiɡ/ | /*l'ɯ/ | /*kʷlɯʔ/ |
曠日持久