Wiktionary

柳

See also: 枊
柳 U+67F3, 柳
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67F3
← 柲
[U+67F2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 柴 →
[U+67F4]
柳 U+F9C9, 柳
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9C9
← 杻
[U+F9C8] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 流 →
[U+F9CA]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

柳 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木竹竹中 (DHHL), four-corner 47920, composition ⿰木卯)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 521, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14662
  • Dae Jaweon: page 909, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1187, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+67F3

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
 柳
alternative forms 枊
栁
桺
橮 ancient
𫞉
 
Wikipedia has articles on:
 
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 柳
Western Zhou
Bronze inscriptions
 
Characters in the same phonetic series (卯) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
卯 *mruːʔ
昴 *mruːʔ
泖 *mruːʔ
茆 *mruːʔ, *m·ruʔ
奅 *m̥ʰruːs
窌 *m̥ʰruːs, *m·ruː, *m·rus
聊 *m·rɯːw
貿 *mlus
鄮 *mlus
劉 *m·ru
留 *m·ru, *m·rus
蒥 *m·ru
鶹 *m·ru
騮 *m·ru
榴 *m·ru
瑠 *ru
瘤 *m·ru, *m·rus
遛 *m·ru
鎦 *m·ru
飀 *m·ru
鰡 *m·ru
嵧 *m·ru
餾 *m·ru, *m·rus
瀏 *m·ru, *m·ruʔ
懰 *m·ru, *m·ruʔ
柳 *m·ruʔ
珋 *m·ruʔ
罶 *m·ruʔ
嬼 *m·ruʔ, *m·rus
溜 *m·rus
霤 *m·rus
廇 *m·rus
塯 *m·rus

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·ruʔ): semantic 木 + phonetic 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) in oracle bone script and bronze inscriptions.

Later 桺 (semantic 木 + phonetic 丣 (OC *luʔ)) in small seal script.

The glyph finally turned back to 木 (mù) + 卯 (mǎo) in the current form.

Etymology edit

Smith (2011) reconstructs *[m-]ruʔ, with volitional or agentic prefix *m- (see Sagart, 1999) and root verb 流 (OC r(j)u) "to flow", resulting in *m-ruu "(cause to flow >) pour out, empty". If unprefixed, 柳 means "the flowing one"; if prefixed, "the pouring one". Recall English weeping willow.

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • Jin
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 柳
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 尤 (136)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 力久切
    Baxter ljuwX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/lɨuX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/liuX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/liəuX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/luwX/
    Li
    Rong         		/liuX/
    Wang
    Li         		/lĭəuX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/li̯ə̯uX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		liǔ
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		lau5
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 柳
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		liǔ
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ ljuwX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*([m]ə.)ruʔ/
    English willow

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 柳
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 8897
    Phonetic
    component         		卯
    Rime
    group         		幽
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		柳
    Old
    Chinese         		/*m·ruʔ/

    Definitions edit

    柳

    1. willow, a member of the genus Salix
    2. (in compounds) fillet
      雞柳／鸡柳  ―  jīliǔ  ―  chicken fillet
      牛柳  ―  niúliǔ  ―  beef tenderloin
      豬柳／猪柳  ―  zhūliǔ  ―  pork fillet
      蟹柳  ―  xièliǔ  ―  crab stick
    3. a surname
      柳宗元  ―  Liǔ Zōngyuán  ―  Liu Zongyuan (Tang dynasty writer)

    Compounds edit

    References edit

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    柳

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    Readings edit

    Compounds edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Kanji in this term
    柳
    やなぎ
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 柳 – see the following entry.
    【やなぎ】
    [noun] 柳, 楊, 楊柳: [circa 759] a willow tree
    [noun] 柳, 楊柳: [999] a style of 襲の色目 (kasane no irome, “color combination by layering of garments”), with white on the front and greenish-blue (or yellowish-green) on the back
    [noun] 柳, 楊柳: Short for 柳色 (yanagi-iro): a dark yellow-green color, as from a willow leaf
    [proper noun] 柳: a surname
    Alternative spellings
    楊, 楊柳, ヤナギ
    (This term, 柳, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 2 edit

    Kanji in this term
    柳
    やぎ
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 柳 – see the following entry.
    【やぎ】
    [noun] [from 759] willow tree
    (This term, 柳, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)


    Etymology 3 edit

    Kanji in this term
    柳
    りゅう
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    /riu/ → /rjuː/

    Ultimately from Middle Chinese 柳 (MC ljuwX). While the affix is cited in the 700s with this reading, the proper noun is first cited to a text from the mid-1400s.[1]

    Pronunciation edit

    Affix edit

    柳(りゅう) • (ryū) ←りう (riu)?

    1. [from 700s] willow, especially weeping willow
    2. [from 700s] thin as a willow leaf
    Derived terms edit
    Derived terms

    Proper noun edit

     
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
     
    English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia

    柳(りゅう) • (Ryū) ←りう (riu)?

    1. [from mid-1400s] (Chinese astronomy) the Willow as one of the twenty-eight mansions
      Synonym: 柳宿 (Ryūshuku)
    2. a female given name
    3. a surname

    References edit

    1. ^ “柳”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

    Korean edit

    Hanja edit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    柳 (eumhun 버들 류 (beodeul ryu), South Korea 버들 유 (beodeul yu))

    1. Hanja form? of 류/유 (“willow tree”).

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    柳: Hán Nôm readings: liễu, lẫu, lãu

    1. chữ Hán form of Liễu (“a surname from Chinese.”).

    Zhuang edit

    Noun edit

    柳

    1. Sawndip form of gyaeuj (“head; headhair”)
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=柳&oldid=73576971"