See also:
U+6A5F, 機
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A5F

[U+6A5E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6A60]

TranslingualEdit

Japanese 機∣
Simplified
Traditional 機∣

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 75, +12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木女戈戈 (DVII), four-corner 42953, composition)

Derived charactersEdit

Related charactersEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 554, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15561
  • Dae Jaweon: page 942, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1298, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6A5F

Usage notesEdit

Note that in Japanese, both and are used with separate meanings (: desk and : machine; airplane; chance) while in simplified Chinese, is the simplified form of .

ChineseEdit

trad.
simp. *

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kɯl): semantic + phonetic (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls).

PronunciationEdit


Note:
  • ki - literary;
  • kui - vernacular.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (28)
    Final () (20)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /kɨi/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /kɨi/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /kiəi/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /kɨj/
    Li
    Rong
    /kiəi/
    Wang
    Li
    /kĭəi/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ke̯i/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    gei1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ kjɨj ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kəj/
    English mechanism

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 5788
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kɯl/

    DefinitionsEdit

    1. weaving machine; spinning machine
    2. machine; apparatus; device
    3. (mostly in compounds) Short for 飛機 (“aircraft”).
    4. (mostly in compounds) Short for 手機 (“cellphone”).
    5. (mostly Cantonese) Short for 遊戲機 (“video game”).
    6. mechanism; process
    7. cause; reason
    8. secret; confidential (affair)
    9. opportunity; chance; crucial point
    10. plan; idea
    11. flexible; quick-witted
    12. organic

    CompoundsEdit

    DescendantsEdit

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: () (ki)
    • Korean: 기(機) (gi)

    Others:

    ReferencesEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. loom
    2. machine
    3. opportunity

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Usage notesEdit

    • Often used interchangeably in compounds with (ki) to indicate “machine”, with the distinction that implies a larger machine, such as an airplane, while implies a smaller device, possibly hand-held. Compare 飛行機 (hikōki, airplane) with 検知器 (kenchiki, sensor, detector).

    Alternative formsEdit

     
    ⿰木キ, ryakuji for 機.

    has many ryakuji (handwritten abbreviations), as it is a common character with many strokes (16):

    • 40px A phono-semantic simplification from on'yomi of “ki” (katakana キ): 木 + キ (semantic plus simplified phonetic) – compare   for and   for /. Note that is itself a Heian-period simplification of 機.
    • 40px Graphical simplification.
    • 40px Graphical simplification.
    • 40px Graphical simplification.

    Etymology 1Edit

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 4
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (kjɨj, mechanism; opportunity, chance). Compare modern Min Nan reading ki.

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    () (ki

    1. a machine, a device; a contraption
    2. a loom
    3. an opportunity, a chance to do something; the right time or moment
    4. something of great importance: the linchpin of the matter
    5. resourcefulness
    6. (Buddhism) the moment of being moved into action by the teachings of the Buddha: see 機根 (kikon)
    7. by extension, the workings of the heart or mind in general
    8. in Noh theater, the breath of the mind
    9. short for 飛行機 (hikōki): an airplane, an aircraft
    10. short for 機関銃 (kikanjū): a machine gun

    IdiomEdit

    CounterEdit

    () (-ki

    1. indicates aircraft
    2. indicates paper aeroplanes
    3. indicates lives in video games

    SuffixEdit

    () (-ki

    1. indicates machines
    2. indicates airplanes
      (せん)(とう)()
      sentōki
      a fighter aircraft

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term
    こぶち
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    Alteration from こうべうち (kōbeuchi),[3] itself a compound of (kōbe, head) + 打ち (uchi, striking, hitting).[3][1]

    Alternative formsEdit

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    (こぶち) (kobuchi

    1. a trap or snare that works by beheading the bird or beast caught in it

    Etymology 3Edit

    Kanji in this term
    はた
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    From onomatopoeic はた (hata), possibly for the sound of the shuttle running back and forth, or for the sound of a woven cloth moving in the wind, compare (hata, a flag).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    (はた) (hata

    1. a loom
    2. woven cloth

    Etymology 4Edit

    Kanji in this term
    わかつり
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, continuative or stem form) of verb 機る (wakatsuru, to manipulate something),[3] itself an alteration of 誘る (okotsuru, to manipulate or con someone),[3] a compound of (oko, a fool) + 釣る (tsuru, to fish, to draw out).[3]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    (わかつり) (wakatsuri

    1. manipulation (as in a device)
    2. manipulation (as in a person): deception, taking someone in
    3. getting on someone's right side; humoring someone; an effort to please someone

    ReferencesEdit

    1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. 2.0 2.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

    KoreanEdit

    EtymologyEdit

    From Middle Chinese (MC kɨi). Recorded as Middle Korean (kuy) (Yale: kuy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    HanjaEdit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    , eumhun (teul gi)

    1. Hanja form? of (machine).
    2. Hanja form? of (opportunity; chance).

    CompoundsEdit

    ReferencesEdit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    : Hán Nôm readings: , ki

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.