波斯
Chinese edit
phonetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (波斯) |
波 | 斯 |
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 (Pārsa) (alternatively, from a Sogdian term); first used during the Northern Wei dynasty to refer to the Sasanian Empire.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Proper noun edit
波斯
- (historical) Persia
- 波斯國,都宿利城,在忸密西,古條支國也。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: c. 551-554, 魏書 (Book of Wei) by Wei Shou, 卷一百二 列傳第九十 (西域) (Volume 102, Biographies 90: Western Regions)
- Bōsī guó, dōu Sùlì chéng, zài Niǔmì xī, gǔ Tiáozhī guó yě. [Pinyin]
- The state of Persia [Sasanian Empire]: its capital is Istakhr. It is located west of Niumi [in the Anxi Protectorate]. It was formerly the state of Tiaozhi [perhaps Seleucia].
波斯国,都宿利城,在忸密西,古条支国也。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]- 極惡風俗,婚姻交雜。納母及姊妹為妻。波斯國亦納母為妻。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: c. 728, 《往五天竺國傳》 (Account of the Journey to the Five Indias)
- Jí'è fēngsú, hūnyīn jiāozá. Nà mǔ jí zǐmèi wéi qī. Bōsī guó yì nà mǔ wéi qī. [Pinyin]
- An extremely evil custom [in these lands] is that their marriage practices are filthy. They take their mother and sisters as wives. In the country of Persia, they also take their mothers as wives.
极恶风俗,婚姻交杂。纳母及姊妹为妻。波斯国亦纳母为妻。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
See also edit
- 伊朗 (Yīlǎng)
References edit
Japanese edit
Etymology 1 edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
波 | 斯 |
は Grade: 3 |
し Jinmeiyō |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 波斯 (MC pa sje), ultimately from Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 (Pārsa).
First cited to the Utsubo Monogatari of the late 900s.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Proper noun edit
Usage notes edit
Usage might be restricted to contexts about ancient China.[2]
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
波 | 斯 |
はるしゃ | |
Grade: 3 | Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
波 | 斯 |
はるしあ | |
Grade: 3 | Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
Borrowed from Dutch Perzië (“Persia”) during the Edo period.[1][2]
First cited in 1708.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Proper noun edit
波斯 or 波斯 • (Harusha or Harushia)
- [from 1708] (historical, Edo) Persia
Derived terms edit
Derived terms with 波斯
Etymology 3 edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
波 | 斯 |
ぺるしゃ Grade: 3 |
ぺるしあ Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
Borrowed from English Persia.[1][2][3]
First cited in 1839.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Proper noun edit
波斯 or 波斯 • (Perusha or Perushia)
- [from 1839] Persia
Usage notes edit
- The kanji spelling 波斯 is uncommon in modern usage.
- Both forms ペルシャ (Perusha) and ペルシア (Perushia) are attested. The former is preferred in various resources.[1][2][3]
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 “波斯”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Vietnamese edit
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
波 | 斯 |
Proper noun edit
波斯