涅

See also: 㘿

涅	U+6D85, 涅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D85

← 涄
[U+6D84]

CJK Unified Ideographs

涆 →
[U+6D86]

涅	U+2F905, 涅 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F905

← 浸
[U+2F904]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

𣴞 →
[U+2F906]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

涅 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水日土 (EAG), four-corner 3611₄, composition ⿰氵圼)

Derived characters edit

篞, 𦶄, 𡮛, 𢟗, 𦄇, 𣻾

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 626, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17521
Dae Jaweon: page 1027, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1623, character 2
Unihan data for U+6D85

Unihan data for U+2F905

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		涅
alternative forms		圼㘿湼𣵀

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (日) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涅	*niːɡ
捏	*niːɡ
篞	*niːɡ
衵	niɡ, njiɡ
日	*njiɡ
馹	*njiɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *niːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + semantic 土 (“soil”) + phonetic 日 (OC *njiɡ).

Etymology edit

"black mud": From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nyak (“filth(y); excrement”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan སྙིགས་པ (snyigs pa, “impure sediment”), Burmese ညစ် (nyac, “dirty; filthy”).

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Related to 泥 (OC *niːl, *niːls)? Schuessler (2007) suggests no, STEDT suggests yes.”

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): niè (nie⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄝˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): не (ni͡ə, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): nip⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): liap

(Teochew, Peng'im): niab⁴
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁸gniq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niè
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: niè
  - Wade–Giles: nieh⁴
  - Yale: nyè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nieh
  - Palladius: не (ne)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: не (ni͡ə, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niə²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: nip⁶
  - Yale: nihp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nip⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: nib⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niːp̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liap
  - Tâi-lô: liap
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liab
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liap̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liap̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liap̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liap̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liap̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: niab⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: niap
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niap̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁸gniq
  - MiniDict: nyih^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵nyiq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲiɪʔ¹²/

Middle Chinese: net

Rime
Character	涅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	先 (87)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	奴結切
Baxter	net
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/net̚/
Pan Wuyun	/net̚/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛt̚/
Li Rong	/net̚/
Wang Li	/niet̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/niet̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	niè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nit⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*niːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	涅
Reading #	1/1
No.	10841
Phonetic component	日
Rime group	質
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	涅
Old Chinese	/*niːɡ/

Definitions edit

涅

black mud
melanterite
black
to dye black; to blacken
不曰白乎，涅而不緇。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
不曰白乎，涅而不缁。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
Bù yuē bái hū, niè ér bù zī. [Pinyin]
Is it not said, that, if a thing be really white, it may be steeped in a dark fluid without being made black?