港
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TranslingualEdit
Japanese | 港 |
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Simplified | 港 |
Traditional | 港 |
Alternative formsEdit
Note that, as in 巷, in Chinese, the bottom is 巳, while in Japanese, the bottom is 己.
Han characterEdit
港 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水廿金山 (ETCU), four-corner 34117, composition ⿰氵巷)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 635, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17783
- Dae Jaweon: page 1042, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1668, character 7
- Unihan data for U+6E2F
ChineseEdit
simp. and trad. |
港 | |
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alternative forms | 𣿑 |
Glyph originEdit
Old Chinese | |
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港 | *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs |
巷 | *ɡroːŋs |
衖 | *ɡroːŋs |
鬨 | *ɡroːŋs, *ɡloːŋs |
烘 | *qʰloːŋ, *qʰloːŋs, *ɡoːŋ, *ɡloːŋs |
洪 | *ɡloːŋ |
鉷 | *ɡloːŋ |
谼 | *ɡloːŋ |
葓 | *ɡoːŋ |
哄 | *ɡloːŋs |
蕻 | *ɡloːŋs |
恭 | *kloŋ |
供 | *kloŋ, *kloŋs |
龔 | *kloŋ |
珙 | *kloŋ, *kloŋʔ |
共 | *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs |
髸 | *kloŋ |
拱 | *kloŋʔ |
拲 | *kloŋʔ, *kloɡ |
蛬 | *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ |
栱 | *kloŋʔ |
輁 | *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ |
舼 | *ɡloŋ |
輂 | *kloɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs): semantic 水 (“river; water”) + phonetic 巷 (OC *ɡroːŋs).
Etymology 1Edit
Cognate with 江 (OC *kroːŋ, “river”) (Schuessler, 2007). The southern dialectal word originally meant "small river/stream", which is still preserved in some Min languages. The irregular pronunciation in Mandarin (expected Mandarin reflex is *jiǎng) originated from southern dialects where velars have not palatalized (Schuessler, 2007).
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
港
- tributary of a larger river or lake
- (dialectal) river
- port; harbor
- large airport
- Short for 香港 (Xiānggǎng, “Hong Kong”).
- (colloquial) Hong Kong-styled
- (Hokkien) Classifier for fluids: stream
- a surname
Usage notesEdit
- Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) proscribes the use of the pronunciation jiǎng.
CompoundsEdit
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Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
港
- Only used in 港洞.
JapaneseEdit
Shinjitai | 港 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
港󠄁 港+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
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港󠄃 港+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Alternative formsEdit
KanjiEdit
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←こう (kou, historical)
- Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←かう (kau, historical)
- Kun: みなと (minato, 港, Jōyō)
CompoundsEdit
EtymologyEdit
Kanji in this term |
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港 |
みなと Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese: 水 (mi, “water”) + な (na, possessive particle) + 門 (to, “gate”). Attested in the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki as 水門.
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
NounEdit
Proper nounEdit
- Minato (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)
- a male given name
ReferencesEdit
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 港 (MC kˠʌŋX).
Historical Readings | ||
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Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 가ᇰ〯 (Yale: kǎng) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 개〮 (Yale: káy) | 하ᇰ〯 (Yale: hǎng) |
PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ha̠(ː)ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [항(ː)]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
HanjaEdit
港 (eumhun 항구(港口) 항 (hanggu hang))
CompoundsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]