漆

See also: 柒

漆	U+6F06, 漆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F06

← 漅
[U+6F05]

CJK Unified Ideographs

漇 →
[U+6F07]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

漆 (radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水木人水 (EDOE), four-corner 3413₂, composition ⿰氵桼)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 644, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18108
Dae Jaweon: page 1053, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1716, character 9
Unihan data for U+6F06

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		漆
alternative forms		溙桼㲺 second round simplified

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (桼) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
漆	*sʰiɡ
桼	*sʰiɡ
膝	*siɡ
厀	*siɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰiɡ): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 桼 (OC *sʰiɡ). From earlier 桼 (OC *sʰiɡ, “varnish; lacquer”).

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-tsəj (“medicine; juice; paint”). Cognate with Jingpho tsì (“medicine”), Tibetan རྩི (rtsi, “juice; fluid; paint”), Burmese ဆေး (hce:, “medicine; potion; poison; paint”).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): qī (qi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧ

(Chengdu, SP): qi²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): cat¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): tit²
Gan (Wiktionary): qit⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhit

(Meixian, Guangdong): qid⁵
Jin (Wiktionary): qieh⁴
Min Bei (KCR): chă̤
Min Dong (BUC): chék
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chhat / chhit

(Teochew, Peng'im): cag⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): qiq (T4)
Xiang (Wiktionary): qi⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: qī
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chi
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ci
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: qi²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ki
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: cat¹
  - Yale: chāt
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsat⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: ced¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: tit²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰit̚⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: qit⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰit̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhit
  - Hakka Romanization System: qid`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕʰit̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: qid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕʰit̚¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: qieh⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chă̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛ²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chék
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛiʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhat
  - Tâi-lô: tshat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhad
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰat̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhit
  - Tâi-lô: tshit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chid
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰit̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰit̚⁵/

Note:

chhat - vernacular;
chhit - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: cag⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshak
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰak̚²/

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: qiq (T4)
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/

Xiang

(Changsha)
- Wiktionary: qi⁶
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/

Middle Chinese: /t͡sʰiɪt̚/

Rime
Character	漆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	質 (48)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	親吉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰiɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰit̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰjet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰit̚/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰiĕt̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰĭĕt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰi̯ĕt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qi

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]i[t]/

(Zhengzhang): /*sʰiɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	漆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qī
Middle Chinese	‹ tshit ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]i[t]/
English	varnish tree
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	漆
Reading #	1/1
No.	9926
Phonetic component	桼
Rime group	質
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	七
Old Chinese	/*sʰiɡ/

DefinitionsEdit

漆

lacquer tree; varnish tree (Toxicodendron vernicifluum)
varnish; lacquer; paint
to paint
black; dark
name of several rivers
A surname.

CompoundsEdit

DescendantsEdit

→ Iban: chat
→ Zhuang: caet

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiè (qie⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄝˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: qiè
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝˋ
  - Wade–Giles: chʻieh⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chieh
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciè
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjɛ⁵¹/

DefinitionsEdit

漆

Only used in 漆漆.

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: しち (shichi)
Kan-on: しつ (shitsu, Jōyō)
Kun: うるし (urushi, 漆, Jōyō)
Nanori: うる (uru)

EtymologyEdit

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

漆

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Lacquer

Wikipedia

漆 (urushi): a traditional red lacquerware serving set.

Kanji in this term
漆
うるし Grade: S
kun’yomi

Appears to be derived from Old Japanese root uru, as in terms such as classical Japanese 潤う (urufu) → modern 潤う (uruou, “to be moist”), うるうる (uruuru, “wetly, moistly”, adverb). Probably from the way that a lacquered surface glistens as if wet.

PronunciationEdit

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) うるし [ùrúshí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
- IPA^(key): [ɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝɕi]

NounEdit

漆(うるし) • (urushi)

lacquer, varnish
Toxicodendron vernicifluum, the lacquer tree

DescendantsEdit

⇒ English: urushiol

ReferencesEdit

^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

漆 • (chil) (hangeul 칠, revised chil, McCune–Reischauer ch'il, Yale chil)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

漆: Hán Việt readings: tất^[1]

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

^ Trần (2004).

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[gdhn-2] Trần (2004).

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