漆

See also: 柒

漆 U+6F06, 漆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F06 ← 漅 [U+6F05] CJK Unified Ideographs 漇 → [U+6F07]

Translingual

Han character

漆 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水木人水 (EDOE), four-corner 3413₂, composition ⿰氵桼)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 644, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18108
• Dae Jaweon: page 1053, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1716, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6F06

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (桼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
漆	*sʰiɡ
桼	*sʰiɡ
膝	*siɡ
厀	*siɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰiɡ) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 桼 (OC *sʰiɡ, “resin used to make varnish”). From earlier 桼 (OC *sʰiɡ, “varnish; lacquer”).

Etymology 1

trad.		漆
simp. #		漆
2nd round simp.		㲺
alternative forms		桼 溙

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-tsəj (“medicine; juice; paint”). Cognate with Jingpho tsì (“medicine”), Tibetan རྩི (rtsi, “juice; fluid; paint”), Burmese ဆေး (hce:, “medicine; potion; poison; paint”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): qī, qù (qi¹, qu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧ, ㄑㄩˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qi²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cat¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): tit²

• Gan (Wiktionary): qit⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhit

  (Meixian, Guangdong): qid⁵

• Jin (Wiktionary): qieh⁴
• Northern Min (KCR): chă̤
• Eastern Min (BUC): chék
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhat / chhit

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cag⁴

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷chiq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qi⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qī
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ci
    • Wade–Giles: chʻi¹
    • Yale: chī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chi
    • Palladius: ци (ci)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qù
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyù
    • Wade–Giles: chʻü⁴
    • Yale: chyù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiuh
    • Palladius: цюй (cjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: qi²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ki
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cat¹
    • Yale: chāt
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsat⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: ced¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: tit²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰit̚⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: qit⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰit̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhit
    • Hakka Romanization System: qid^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: qid⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰit̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: qid⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕʰit̚¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: qieh⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chă̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chék
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛiʔ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhat
    • Tâi-lô: tshat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhad
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰat̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰat̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhit
    • Tâi-lô: tshit
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chid
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰit̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰit̚³²/

Note:

• chhat - vernacular (“paint; to paint”);
• chhit - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: cag⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshak
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰak̚²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁷chiq
    • MiniDict: chih^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴qiq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵⁵/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: qi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshit

Rime
Character	漆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	質 (48)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	親吉切
Baxter	tshit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰiɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰit̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰjet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰit̚/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰiĕt̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰĭĕt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰi̯ĕt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cat1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]i[t]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰiɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	漆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qī
Middle Chinese	‹ tshit ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]i[t]/
English	varnish tree
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	漆
Reading #	1/1
No.	9926
Phonetic component	桼
Rime group	質
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	七
Old Chinese	/*sʰiɡ/

Definitions

漆

1. lacquer tree; varnish tree (Toxicodendron vernicifluum)
2. paint; lacquer; varnish
3. to paint; to varnish
4. (literary) black; dark
5. Name of several rivers.
6. a surname

Synonyms

• (lacquer tree): 漆樹／漆树 (qīshù)
• (to paint): 塗漆／涂漆 (túqī)

Compounds

• 一團漆黑 / 一团漆黑 (yītuánqīhēi)
• 亮光漆
• 亮漆
• 似漆如膠 / 似漆如胶
• 吞炭漆身
• 噴漆 / 喷漆 (pēnqī)
• 噴漆器 / 喷漆器
• 填漆
• 夜光漆
• 大漆
• 如膠似漆 / 如胶似漆 (rújiāosìqī)
• 如膠如漆 / 如胶如漆
• 如膠投漆 / 如胶投漆
• 底漆 (dǐqī)
• 建漆
• 朱漆 (zhūqī)
• 柿漆
• 楚漆器
• 歙漆阿膠 / 歙漆阿胶
• 水泥漆
• 水粉漆
• 油漆 (yóuqī)
• 油漆匠
• 洋乾漆 / 洋干漆
• 漆匠
• 漆器 (qīqì)
• 漆器雕
• 漆宅
• 漆工
• 漆布
• 漆料
• 漆書 / 漆书 (qīshū)
• 漆桶底脫 / 漆桶底脱
• 漆樹 / 漆树 (qīshù)
• 漆毒疹
• 漆畫 / 漆画
• 漆皮
• 漆皮兒 / 漆皮儿
• 漆砂硯 / 漆砂砚
• 漆身吞炭
• 漆黑
• 漆黑一團 / 漆黑一团 (qīhēiyītuán)
• 火漆 (huǒqī)
• 烤漆 (kǎoqī)
• 瓷漆
• 生漆 (shēngqī)
• 目似點漆 / 目似点漆
• 眼若點漆 / 眼若点漆
• 磨漆畫 / 磨漆画
• 罩漆
• 膠漆 / 胶漆 (jiāoqī)
• 膠漆之情 / 胶漆之情
• 膠漆相投 / 胶漆相投
• 膠漆相融 / 胶漆相融
• 蟲漆 / 虫漆
• 調合漆 / 调合漆
• 透明漆
• 金漆
• 金漆馬桶 / 金漆马桶
• 防水漆
• 陳雷膠漆 / 陈雷胶漆
• 雕漆 (diāoqī)
• 雕花漆彩
• 雷陳膠漆 / 雷陈胶漆
• 鬢如漆 / 鬓如漆
• 鬢髯如漆 / 鬓髯如漆
• 黑漆一團 / 黑漆一团
• 黑漆板凳 (hēiqī bǎndèng)
• 黑漆漆 (hēiqīqī)
• 黑漆皮燈 / 黑漆皮灯
• 點漆 / 点漆

Descendants

• → Iban: chat
• → Zhuang: caet

Etymology 2

trad.		漆
simp. #		漆

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiè (qie⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄝˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiè
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciè
    • Wade–Giles: chʻieh⁴
    • Yale: chyè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chieh
    • Palladius: це (ce)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹/

Definitions

漆

1. Only used in 漆漆.

Japanese

Kanji

漆

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: しち (shichi)
• Kan-on: しつ (shitsu, Jōyō)
• Kun: うるし (urushi, 漆, Jōyō)
• Nanori: うる (uru)

Compounds

• 漆器(しっき) (shikki)
• 漆喰(しっくい) (shikkui)
• 漆黒(しっこく) (shikkoku)
• 仮漆(かしつ) (kashitsu)
• 金漆(きんしつ) (kinshitsu)
• 膠漆(こうしつ) (kōshitsu)
• 黒漆(こくしつ) (kokushitsu)
• 彫漆(ちょうしつ) (chōshitsu)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
漆
うるし Grade: S
kun'yomi

漆 (urushi): a traditional red lacquerware serving set.

Appears to be derived from Old Japanese root uru, as in terms such as classical Japanese 潤う (urufu) → modern 潤う (uruou, “to be moist”), うるうる (uruuru, “wetly, moistly”, adverb). Probably from the way that a lacquered surface glistens as if wet.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) うるし [ùrúshí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟ɾɯ̟ɕi]

Noun

漆(うるし) or 漆(ウルシ) • (urushi) 

1. lacquer
2. lacquer tree (Toxicodendron vernicifluum)

Derived terms

• 木漆(きうるし) (ki-urushi)
• 朱漆(しゅうるし) (shu-urushi)
• 透漆(すきうるし) (suki-urushi)
• 蔦漆(ツタウルシ) (tsutaurushi)
• 庭漆(ニワウルシ) (niwaurushi)
• 山漆(ヤマウルシ) (yamaurushi)
• 蝋色漆(ろいろうるし) (roiro-urushi)

Descendants

• ⇒ English: urushiol

See also

Japanese numbers
Number	Kanji	Kana	Romaji
0	零	れい、ゼロ	rei, zero
1	一、壱、弌、壹	いち	ichi
2	二、弐、貳、貮	に	ni
3	三、参	さん	san
4	四、肆	よん、し	yon, shi
5	五、伍	ご	go
6	六、陸	ろく	roku
7	七、漆	なな、しち	nana, shichi
8	八、捌	はち	hachi
9	九、玖	きゅう、く	kyū, ku
10	十、拾	じゅう	jū
100	百、陌、佰	ひゃく	hyaku
1,000	千、阡、仟	せん	sen
10,000	一万、万、一萬、萬	いちまん、まん	ichiman, man
100,000,000	一億、億	いちおく、おく	ichioku, oku

Korean

Hanja

漆 (eumhun 옻 칠 (ot chil))
漆 (eumhun 일곱 칠 (ilgop chil))
漆 (eumhun 삼갈 칠 (samgal chil))

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Vietnamese

Han character

漆: Hán Việt readings: tất

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