漢語

See also: 汉语

Contents

Chinese

		Han people	speech; language; dialect
trad. (漢語)		漢	語
simp. (汉语)		汉	语

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): hànyǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ ㄩˇ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic): ханйү (hanjy, III-II)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hon³ jyu⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Hon-ngî
• Min Dong (BUC): Háng-ngṳ̄
• Min Nan (POJ): Hàn-gí / Hàn-gír / Hàn-gú
• Wu (Wiktionary): hoe nyy (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: hànyǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ ㄩˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hannyeu
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hànyǔ
    • IPA ^(key): /xän⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic: ханйү (hanjy, III-II)
    • IPA ^(key): /xæ̃⁴⁴ ʝyː⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: hon³ jyu⁵
    • Yale: hon yúh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hon³ jy⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: hon³ yu⁵
    • IPA ^(key): /hɔːn³³ jyː¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Hon-ngî
    • Hakka Romanization System: hon ngi´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hon⁴ ngi¹
    • IPA: /hon⁵⁵ ɲi²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Háng-ngṳ̄
    • IPA ^(key): /haŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ŋy³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hàn-gí
    • Tâi-lô: Hàn-gí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: harn'gie
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /han²¹⁻⁴¹ gi⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /han²¹⁻⁵³ gi⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hàn-gír
    • Tâi-lô: Hàn-gír
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /han⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ gɯ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hàn-gú
    • Tâi-lô: Hàn-gú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: harn'guo
    • IPA (Taipei): /han¹¹⁻⁵³ gu⁵³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /han²¹⁻⁵³ gu⁵³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: hoe nyy (T2)
    • IPA ^(key): /hø³³ n̠ʲy⁴⁴/

Noun

漢語

1. the Chinese language (usually spoken Chinese)

   說蹩腳漢語 / 说蹩脚汉语  ―  shuō biéjiǎo hànyǔ  ―  to speak terrible Chinese

   聲調在漢語音節感知中的作用 [MSC, trad.]
   声调在汉语音节感知中的作用 [MSC, simp.]

   shēngdiào zài hànyǔ yīnjié gǎnzhī zhōng de zuòyòng [Pinyin]

   the role of tone in Chinese syllable perception

   你會說漢語嗎？ / 你会说汉语吗？  ―  Nǐ huì shuō hànyǔ ma?  ―  Can you speak Chinese?

   她既會說英語又會說漢語。 [MSC, trad.]
   她既会说英语又会说汉语。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā jì huì shuō yīngyǔ yòu huì shuō hànyǔ. [Pinyin]

   She can speak both English and Chinese.

   學習漢語發音一定要分清楚調類。 [MSC, trad.]
   学习汉语发音一定要分清楚调类。 [MSC, simp.]

   Xuéxí hànyǔ fāyīn yīdìng yào fēn qīngchǔ diàolèi. [Pinyin]

   It is essential to distinguish different tones when studying Chinese.

Usage notes

漢語／汉语 (hànyǔ) usually refers to spoken Chinese, however since 古代漢語／古代汉语 (gǔdài hànyǔ, “Old Chinese”) is only accessible to modern people in the written form, it can also refer to written Chinese depending on context. 漢語／汉语 (hànyǔ) can also imply 普通話／普通话 (pǔtōnghuà, “Standard Mandarin Chinese”), especially in the term 現代漢語／现代汉语 (xiàndài hànyǔ, “Modern Chinese”).

Synonyms

edit

• 中國話／中国话 (zhōngguóhuà)
• 中國語／中国语 (zhōngguóyǔ) (rare)
• 中文 (zhōngwén)

• 漢文／汉文 (hànwén) (written Chinese)
• 華文／华文 (huáwén)
• 華語文／华语文 (huáyǔwén) (both spoken and written)

Derived terms

• 上古漢語／上古汉语 (shànggǔ hànyǔ)
• 中古漢語／中古汉语 (zhōnggǔ hànyǔ)
• 古代漢語／古代汉语 (gǔdài hànyǔ)
• 古漢語／古汉语 (gǔhànyǔ)
• 對外漢語／对外汉语 (duìwài hànyǔ)

• 漢語拼音／汉语拼音 (hànyǔ pīnyīn)
• 漢語拼音方案／汉语拼音方案
• 漢語水平考試／汉语水平考试 (Hànyǔ Shuǐpíng Kǎoshì)
• 現代漢語／现代汉语 (xiàndài hànyǔ)
• 胡言漢語／胡言汉语 (húyánhànyǔ)

Related terms

• 國語／国语 (guóyǔ)
• 普通話／普通话 (pǔtōnghuà)
• 中國話／中国话 (zhōngguóhuà)
• 中文 (zhōngwén)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
漢	語
かん Grade: 3	ご Grade: 2
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 漢語 (MC hɑn^H ŋɨʌ^X, “Han, Chinese + speech, language”).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
  • (Tokyo) かんご [kàńgó] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA^(key): [kã̠ŋɡo̞]

Noun

漢語 (hiragana かんご, rōmaji kango)

1. kango: a Japanese word of Chinese origin, or a Japanese word coined along Chinese lines (a Sino-Japanese word), such as 社会 (shakai, “society”) or 共和国 (kyōwakoku, “republic”)

   Kango are usually written in kanji, and read with the on'yomi (音読み). Contrast with wago (和語)

   Antonym: 和語 (wago) (Japanese word of native Japanese origin)

2. (less commonly) the Chinese language

   Synonym: 中国語 (Chūgokugo)

3. the ancient Chinese language, the language of the Han (漢) ethnicity

See also

• 音 (おん)読 (よ)み (on'yomi)

References