Japanese edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4

Hyōgaiji
goon

Etymology edit

First cited in the early 800s.[1]

Probably from Middle Chinese 無垢 (MC mju kuwX, literally “without + dirt, stain”). Alternatively, may have been coined in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived components, as a compound of (mu, without) +‎ (ku, dirt, stain).

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

()() (muku-na (adnominal ()() (muku na), adverbial ()() (muku ni))

  1. (Buddhism) spiritually pure, free from desire or aversion
  2. innocent, pure
  3. pure, unadulterated, free of foreign material or pollutants

Inflection edit

Noun edit

()() (muku

  1. (Buddhism) spiritual purity, freedom from desire or aversion
  2. innocence, purity
  3. purity, freedom from foreign material or pollutants
  4. unpatterned cloth that is all the same color, particularly a kimono with the same color inside and out (most commonly used in the context of 白無垢 (shiromuku, white muku: formal white bridal kimono))

References edit

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN