獅
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TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
獅 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大竹竹口月 (KHHRB), four-corner 41227, composition ⿰犭師)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 717, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20609
- Dae Jaweon: page 1128, character 25
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1363, character 4
- Unihan data for U+7345
ChineseEdit
trad. | 獅 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 狮 | |
alternative forms | 師/师 archaic |
Glyph originEdit
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sri): semantic 犭 (“dog; beast”) + phonetic 師 (OC *sri).
EtymologyEdit
Originally written as 師. Earliest written attestations in the Eastern Han era include the Book of Han [before 111], the surviving portion of the Dongguan Hanji [c. 150], and Lokakṣema's translation of the Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā [179]. The term is possibly of Iranian origin. In the Book of Han, the lion was described as indigenous to the historical 烏弋山離 (OC *qaː lɯɡ sreːn rel, “Alexandria”), possibly Alexandria Prophthasia (Yu, 1998), which was part of the Parthian Empire at the time. The Dongguan mentions a lion as a gift from the Shule Kingdom in the year 133, where a Saka language was spoken then. Earlier definite dates associated with the lion mentioned in the Book of the Later Han include the year 87, when a gift lion from the Yuezhi was recorded.
Compare Proto-Iranian *cárguš (“lion”). Possibly related to 狻猊 (OC *sloːn ŋeː).
Meanwhile, Adams (2013) postulates possible Tocharian connections; cf. Tocharian B ṣecake and etymologies.
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
獅
SynonymsEdit
CompoundsEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02534
- “Entry #9751”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
- a lion
ReadingsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 獅 (MC ʃˠiɪ).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
Usage notesEdit
Very rarely used on its own. The shishi reading is almost always spelled as 獅子.
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 獅 (MC ʃˠiɪ). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞ (so) (Yale: so) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
HanjaEdit
CompoundsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
獅: Hán Việt readings: sư[1][2][3]
獅: Nôm readings: sư[4][5][6]