獅

See also: 狮

獅 U+7345, 獅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7345 ← 獄 [U+7344] CJK Unified Ideographs 獆 → [U+7346]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

獅 (radical 94 犬+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大竹竹口月 (KHHRB), four-corner 4122₇, composition ⿰犭師)

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 717, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20609
• Dae Jaweon: page 1128, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1363, character 4
• Unihan data for U+7345

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ChineseEdit

trad.		獅
simp.		狮
alt. forms		師／师

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (師) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
篩	sreːl, *srel, *sri
師	sri
鰤	sri
蒒	sri
獅	sri
螄	sri

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sri): semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 師 (OC *sri).

EtymologyEdit

First mentioned in the Book of Han [1st century CE], in the description of the "specialties" from the 烏弋山離 (“Alexandria”) country in the Western Regions. The country referred to is likely "Alexandria Prophthasia", which was part of the Parthian Empire during the time of Han, speaking an Indo-Iranian language.

Compare Middle Persian šgl (šagr, šēr, “lion; (astronomy) Leo”), Khotanese sarau (“lion”). Related to 狻猊 (OC *sloːn ŋeː).

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shī (shi¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): si¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̂
• Min Dong (BUC): săi
• Min Nan (POJ): sai / su / sir
• Wu (Wiktionary): sr (T1)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shī
    • Zhuyin: ㄕ
    • Wade-Giles: shih¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shy
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: si¹
    • Yale: sī
    • Cantonese Pinyin: si¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: xi¹
    • IPA ^(key): /siː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̂
    • Hakka Romanization System: sii´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: si¹
    • IPA: /sɨ²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: săi
    • IPA ^(key): /sai⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sai
    • Tâi-lô: sai
    • Phofsit Daibuun: say
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /saɪ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /saɪ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su
    • Tâi-lô: su
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sw
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sir
    • Tâi-lô: sir
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ³³/

Note:

• su/sir - literary;
• sai - vernacular.

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: sr (T1)
    • IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵³/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 獅
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/sz̩²¹/
	Jinan	/ʂʐ̩²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʂʐ̩²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ʂʐ̩²⁴/
	Xi'an	/sz̩²¹/
	Xining	/sz̩⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ʂʐ̩³¹/
	Ürümqi	/sz̩⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/sz̩⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/sz̩⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/sz̩⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/sz̩⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/sz̩³¹/
	Hefei	/sz̩²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/sz̩¹¹/
	Pingyao	/sz̩¹³/
	Hohhot	/sz̩³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/sz̩⁵³/
	Suzhou	/sz̩⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/sz̩³³/
	Wenzhou	/sz̩³³/
Hui	Shexian	/sz̩³¹/
	Tunxi	/sz̩¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/sz̩³³/
	Xiangtan	/sz̩³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/sz̩⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/sz̩⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/sï²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/si⁵³/
	Nanning	/sz̩⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/si⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/su⁵⁵/ /sai⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/sai⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/su⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/sai³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/si²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ʃˠiɪ/▼

Rime
Character	獅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	Chongniu III
Fanqie	疏夷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠiɪ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚi/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃiɪ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂji/
Li Rong	/ʃji/
Wang Li	/ʃi/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shī

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*sri/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	獅
Reading #	1/1
No.	11437
Phonetic component	師
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	師
Old Chinese	/*sri/
Notes	古作師

DefinitionsEdit

獅

1. lion

CompoundsEdit

• 人中獅子／人中狮子
• 小獅座／小狮座 (Xiǎoshīzuò)
• 河東獅吼／河东狮吼 (hédōng-shīhǒu)
• 河東獅子／河东狮子
• 海獅／海狮 (hǎishī)
• 獅城／狮城
• 獅子／狮子 (shīzi)
• 獅子口／狮子口

• 獅子吼／狮子吼
• 獅子山／狮子山 (Shīzǐshān)
• 獅子座／狮子座 (Shīzizuò)
• 獅子搏兔／狮子搏兔
• 獅子會／狮子会
• 獅子狗／狮子狗
• 獅子頭／狮子头 (shīzitóu)

• 獅舞／狮舞
• 獅蠻／狮蛮 (shīmán)
• 睡獅／睡狮
• 石獅子／石狮子 (shíshīzi)
• 舞獅／舞狮 (wǔshī)
• 蟻獅／蚁狮
• 風獅爺／风狮爷

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

獅

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. a lion

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: し (shi)
• Kan’on: し (shi)
• Kun: (rare) しし (shishi)

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese 獅 (/ʃɣiɪ/).

PronunciationEdit

• On’yomi: Goon
  • IPA^(key): [ɕi]

NounEdit

獅 (hiragana し, rōmaji shi)

1. lion

Usage notesEdit

Very rarely used on its own. The shishi reading is almost always spelled as 獅子.

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

獅 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune-Reischauer sa, Yale sa)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

獅 (sư)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReadingsEdit

• Nôm: sư

ReferencesEdit

• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999