用ひる
Japanese
editKanji in this term |
---|
用 |
もち Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
Etymology
editFirst attested in texts around the Kamakura period, persisting until around the script reforms in the 1920s.
The attestable root verb is 用ゐる (mochiwiru), itself a compound (see that entry for details). During the mid-Heian period, medial /-f-/ sounds shifted to /-w-/, leading to confusion between mid-word ゐ (wi) and ひ (wi, read as fi in word-initial position). The もちひる (mochiwiru) hiragana spelling was then reinterpreted as a conjugation of base verb もちふ (mochi(w)u), which appears as a back-formation. Later during the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, sound changes reduced medial /-w-/ still further, such that /wi/ merged into /i/. The resulting shift in the verb ending from -wiru to -iru was reinterpreted again as a conjugation of base form もちゆ (mochiyu), which again appears as a back-formation.[1][2]
Verb
edit用ひる • (mochīru) ←もちひる (motifiru)?transitive ichidan (stem 用ひ (mochī), past 用ひた (mochīta))
- (archaic, historical, rare) alternative spelling of 用いる (mochiiru), historical 用ゐる (mochiwiru): to use
- 1940s, Hajime Kawakami, Pillow up in the floating clouds (text here)
- 室内の歩行に杖を用ひず、階上への上り下りにも、さまで脚のだるきを感ぜず。
- Shitsunai no hokō ni tsue o mochiizu, kaijō e no noborikudari ni mo, sama de ashi no daruki o kanzezu.
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- 室内の歩行に杖を用ひず、階上への上り下りにも、さまで脚のだるきを感ぜず。
- 1946, The Constitution of Japan, Article 29:
- 私有財產は、正當な補償の下に、これを公共のために用ひることができる。
- Shiyūzaisan wa, seitō na hoshō no moto ni, kore o kōkyō no tame ni mochiiru koto ga dekiru.
- Private property may be taken for public use upon just compensation therefor.
- 私有財產は、正當な補償の下に、これを公共のために用ひることができる。
- 1940s, Hajime Kawakami, Pillow up in the floating clouds (text here)
Conjugation
editStem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 用ひ | もちひ | motifi |
Continuative (連用形) | 用ひ | もちひ | motifi |
Terminal (終止形) | 用ひる | もちひる | motifiru |
Attributive (連体形) | 用ひる | もちひる | motifiru |
Realis (已然形) | 用ひれ | もちひれ | motifire |
Imperative (命令形) | 用ひよ | もちひよ | motifiyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 用ひず | もちひず | motifizu |
Contrasting conjunction | 用ひれど | もちひれど | motifiredo |
Causal conjunction | 用ひれば | もちひれば | motifireba |
Conditional conjunction | 用ひば | もちひば | motifiba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 用ひき | もちひき | motifiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 用ひけり | もちひけり | motifikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 用ひつ | もちひつ | motifitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 用ひぬ | もちひぬ | motifinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 用ひたり | もちひたり | motifitari |
Volitional | 用ひむ | もちひむ | motifimu |
See also
editReferences
edit- Japanese terms spelled with 用 read as もち
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese type 2 verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese terms with historical senses
- Japanese terms with rare senses
- Japanese terms with usage examples