Wiktionary

眾

See also: 众 and 衆
眾 U+773E, 眾
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-773E
← 眽
[U+773D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 眿 →
[U+773F]

Translingual edit

Traditional 眾
Simplified 众
Japanese 衆
Korean 衆

Han character edit

眾 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田中人人人 (WLOOO), four-corner 27232, composition ⿱罒⿲人亻人)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 807, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23321
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1223, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2917, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+773E

Chinese edit

trad. 眾/衆
simp. 众*
alternative forms
 
乑
㐺
𥅫
𠱧
𠱦
乑
㐺
𥅫
𠱧
𠱦
𠂝

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 眾
Shang Western Zhou
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions
   
Characters in the same phonetic series (眾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
潨 *zloːŋ, *zluːŋ, *tjuŋ
眾 *tjuŋ, *tjuŋs

Pictogram (象形): a sun (日) above three humans (㐺) – people gathered or working under the sun.

The top, originally 日 (“sun”) in oracle script has been modified, in bronze script resembling instead a horizontal eye (early form of 目) – reinterpreted as “a crowd under someone’s gaze”, and now resembles 罒.

The bottom, originally three figures (人人人), uses various forms of 人 and 亻, with variation depending on font.

Etymology 1 edit

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-toŋ (“thousand”) (Peiros and Starostin, 1996; STEDT); if so, cognate with Tibetan སྟོང (stong, “thousand”), Burmese ထောင် (htaung, “thousand”), Drung tu (“thousand”), Sichuan Yi ꄙ (dur, “thousand”).

Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) compares this word with Classical Tibetan [script needed] (yong, “in all, at all times, ever before”) and Tibetan ཡོངས (yongs, “all, whole”).

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • chèng - vernacular;
  • chiòng - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 眾
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 章 (23)
    Final (韻) 東 (2)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 之仲切
    Baxter tsyuwngH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ɕɨuŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/t͡ɕiuŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ɕiuŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/cuwŋH/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ɕiuŋH/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ɕĭuŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/t͡ɕi̯uŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhòng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zung3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 眾
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zhòng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsyuwngH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tuŋ-s/
    English numerous

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 眾
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 17491
    Phonetic
    component         		衆
    Rime
    group         		終
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		衆
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tjuŋs/
    Notes 甲文象日下三人，
    金文或改目下，
    表衆人在監督下勞作

    Definitions edit

    眾

    1. masses; people; multitude; crowd; everyone
    2. † everything; all matters
    3. † all the government officials
    4. † soldier; army; troops
    5. † slave labour in agriculture
    6. (Buddhism) number of monks
    7. many; numerous
      Synonyms: 多, 許多／许多 (xǔduō)
      Antonym: 寡 (guǎ)
    8. † majority
    9. † various; different
    10. † general; common
    11. 32nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "legion" (𝌥)
    12. a surname

    Compounds edit

    Descendants edit

    Sino-Xenic (衆／众):
    • → Japanese: 衆(しゅう) (shū)
    • → Vietnamese: chúng (眾)

    Etymology 2 edit

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation edit

    Rime
    Character 眾
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 章 (23)
    Final (韻) 東 (2)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 職戎切
    Baxter tsyuwng
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ɕɨuŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/t͡ɕiuŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ɕiuŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/cuwŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ɕiuŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ɕĭuŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/t͡ɕi̯uŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhōng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zung1
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 眾
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 17489
    Phonetic
    component         		衆
    Rime
    group         		終
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		終
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tjuŋ/

    Definitions edit

    眾

    1. † glutinous millet

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    眾

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    1. Alternative form of 衆

    Readings edit

    Korean edit

    Hanja edit

    眾 • (jung) (hangeul 중, revised jung, McCune–Reischauer chung, Yale cwung)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    眾: Hán Nôm readings: chúng

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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