瞳

See also: 朣, 膧, and 曈

瞳 U+77B3, 瞳 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77B3 ← 瞲 [U+77B2] CJK Unified Ideographs 瞴 → [U+77B4]

Translingual

Han character

瞳 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+12, 17 strokes, cangjie input 月山卜廿土 (BUYTG), four-corner 6001₄, composition ⿰目童)

References

• KangXi: page 818, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23707
• Dae Jaweon: page 1230, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2514, character 12
• Unihan data for U+77B3

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		瞳

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
撞	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
幢	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
橦	*rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇	*rdoːŋ
𩪘	*rdoːŋ
艟	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
憧	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
畽	*tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ
董	*toːŋʔ
蕫	*toːŋʔ, *doːŋ
箽	*toːŋʔ
懂	*toːŋʔ
湩	*toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈	*tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童	*doːŋ
僮	*doːŋ
瞳	*doːŋ
罿	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
犝	*doːŋ
潼	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
穜	*doːŋ, *doŋ
動	*doːŋʔ
慟	*doːŋs
堹	*toŋs
諥	*toŋs
蹱	*tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重	*doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟	*doŋ, *doŋs
蝩	*doŋ
褈	*doŋ, *tʰjoŋ
鐘	*tjoŋ, *tjoŋ
鍾	*tjoŋ
籦	*tjoŋ
種	*tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs
腫	*tjoŋʔ
踵	*tjoŋʔ
歱	*tjoŋʔ
喠	*tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ
偅	*tjoŋs
衝	*tʰjoŋ
揰	*tʰjoŋs
尰	*djoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *doːŋ): semantic 目 + phonetic 童 (OC *doːŋ).

Etymology

From 童 (OC *doːŋ, “child”). Compare English pupil (“‘child’ > student; pupil of eye”) for a similar semantic development.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): tóng (tong²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥˊ

  (Chengdu, SP): tong²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): tung⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): huung³

• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): tung²
• Jin (Wiktionary): tung¹
• Min Dong (BUC): dùng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): tông

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tong⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): don (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tóng
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tóng
    • Wade–Giles: tʻung²
    • Yale: túng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: torng
    • Palladius: тун (tun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: tong²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰoŋ²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: tung⁴
    • Yale: tùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: huung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɵŋ²²/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: tung²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰʊŋ¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: tung¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰxũŋ¹¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dùng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuŋ⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tông
    • Tâi-lô: tông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doong
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /tɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tong⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thông
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰoŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: don (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d̥ʊŋ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /duŋ/

Rime
Character	瞳
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒紅切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/duŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/duŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/duŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəwŋ/
Li Rong	/duŋ/
Wang Li	/duŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱuŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tóng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tung4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*doːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瞳
Reading #	1/1
No.	17441
Phonetic component	重
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	同
Old Chinese	/*doːŋ/

Definitions

瞳

1. ^† inexperienced; ignorant
2. (anatomy) pupil of eye
3. ^† sight; vision; view
4. ^† to see

Compounds

• 打瞳
• 瞳人 (tóngrén)
• 瞳仁 (tóngrén)
• 瞳子 (tóngzǐ)

• 瞳孔 (tóngkǒng)
• 重瞳
• 瞳人兒／瞳人儿 (tóngrénr)

• 瞳仁兒／瞳仁儿
• 瞳矇／瞳蒙
• 雙瞳翦水／双瞳翦水

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Japanese

Kanji

瞳

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: ずう (zū)
• Kan-on: とう (tō)
• Kan’yō-on: どう (dō, Jōyō)
• Kun: ひとみ (hitomi, 瞳, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 瞳孔(どうこう) (dōkō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
瞳
ひとみ Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun

瞳(ひとみ) • (hitomi) 

1. (anatomy) pupil
2. (poetic) eye

   瞳(ひとみ)に映(うつ)る景色(けしき)

   hitomi ni utsuru keshiki

   the scene reflected in one's eyes

   瞳(ひとみ)を閉(と)じる

   hitomi o tojiru

   to close one's eyes

Proper noun

瞳(ひとみ) • (Hitomi) 

1. a female given name

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 瞳 (MC duŋ).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 또ᇰ (Yale: ttwong) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 도ᇰ (twong) (Yale: twong) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [to̞(ː)ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [동(ː)]
  • Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

瞳 (eumhun 눈동자 동 (nundongja dong))

1. Hanja form^? of 동 (“pupil”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 동자 (瞳子, dongja)
• 동공 (瞳孔, donggong)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

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Vietnamese

Han character

瞳: Hán Nôm readings: đồng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Nôm: đồng, tròng

References

• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999