肺

肺 U+80BA, 肺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80BA ← 肹 [U+80B9] CJK Unified Ideographs 肻 → [U+80BB]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

肺 (radical 130, 肉+4 in Chinese, 肉+5 in Japanese, 8 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 月十月 (BJB) or 月卜中月 (BYLB), four-corner 7522₇, composition ⿰月巿 or ⿰月市)

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 976, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29328
• Dae Jaweon: page 1428, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2047, character 2
• Unihan data for U+80BA

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ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		肺

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (巿) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
沛	*poːbs, *pʰoːbs
芾	*poːbs, *pubs, *pub
伂	*poːbs
霈	*pʰoːbs
旆	*boːbs
肺	*pʰobs
杮	*pʰobs
巿	*pub

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *pʰobs): semantic ⺼ + phonetic 巿 (OC *pub).

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *p-wap (“lung”).

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fèi (fei⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fai³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fi / hi
• Min Bei (KCR): hi̿
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): hùi / hì

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hui³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: fèi
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˋ
    • Wade–Giles: fei⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fey
    • IPA ^(key): /feɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fai³
    • Yale: fai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: fei³
    • IPA ^(key): /fɐi̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fi / hi
    • Hakka Romanization System: fi / hi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fi⁴ / hi⁴
    • IPA: /fi⁵⁵/, /hi⁵⁵/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hi̿
    • IPA ^(key): /xi³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùi
    • Tâi-lô: huì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huix
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hui¹¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /hui²¹/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hì
    • Tâi-lô: hì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hix
    • IPA (Taipei): /hi¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hi²¹/

Note:

• hùi - literary;
• hì - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: hui³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hùi
  • IPA ^(key): /hui²¹³/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 肺
Mandarin	Beijing	/fei⁵¹/
	Harbin	/fei⁵³/
	Tianjin	/fei⁵³/
	Jinan	/fei²¹/
	Qingdao	/fe⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/fi³¹²/
	Xi'an	/fi⁴⁴/
	Xining	/fɨ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/fei¹³/
	Lanzhou	/fei¹³/
	Ürümqi	/fei²¹³/
	Wuhan	/fei³⁵/
	Chengdu	/fei¹³/
	Guiyang	/fei²²¹³/
	Kunming	/fei²¹²/
	Nanjing	/fəi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/fe⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/fei⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/xuei³⁵/
	Hohhot	/fei⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/fi³⁵/
	Suzhou	/fi⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/fi⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/fei⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/fe³²⁴/
	Tunxi	/fe⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/fei⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/ɸəi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/fɨi⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/fi⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/fui⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/fɐi³³/
	Nanning	/fɐi³³/
	Hong Kong	/fɐi³³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hui²¹/ /hi²¹/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/hiɛ²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xi³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/hui²¹³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/hui³⁵/ /fɔi³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /pʰʉɐi^H/▼

Rime
Character	肺
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	廢 (28)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方廢切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰʉɐiH/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰʷiɐiH/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiuɐiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰuajH/
Li Rong	/pʰiuɐiH/
Wang Li	/pʰĭwɐiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰi̯wɐiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèi

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰo[t]-s/, /*pʰˤ[a][t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰobs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	肺	肺
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fèi	pèi
Middle Chinese	‹ phjojH ›	‹ phajH ›
Old Chinese	/*pʰo[t]-s/	/*pʰˤ[a][t]-s/
English	lung	dense, luxuriant (foliage)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	肺
Reading #	1/1
No.	3293
Phonetic component	巿
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*pʰobs/
Notes	芳由方校改

DefinitionsEdit

肺

1. (anatomy) lung

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 肺

• 別具肺腸／别具肺肠
• 別有肺腸／别有肺肠
• 動人肺腑／动人肺腑
• 塵肺症／尘肺症
• 感人肺肝
• 感人肺腑
• 戳肺管子
• 水肺 (shuǐfèi)
• 沁人心肺
• 沁人肺腑
• 沁入肺腑
• 沒心沒肺／没心没肺 (méixīnméifèi)
• 潛水肺／潜水肺
• 狗肺狼心
• 狼心狗肺
• 痰熱阻肺／痰热阻肺
• 矽肺症

• 硅肺 (guīfèi)
• 祛痰潤肺／祛痰润肺
• 肺功能
• 肺動脈／肺动脉 (fèidòngmài)
• 肺吸蟲／肺吸虫
• 肺呼吸
• 肺囊腫／肺囊肿
• 肺塵矽症／肺尘矽症
• 肺循環／肺循环 (fèixúnhuán)
• 肺氣腫／肺气肿 (fèiqìzhǒng)
• 肺泡 (fèipào)
• 肺活量 (fèihuóliàng)
• 肺火
• 肺炎 (fèiyán)
• 肺病 (fèibìng)
• 肺癆／肺痨 (fèiláo)
• 肺癌 (fèi'ái)

• 肺石
• 肺石風清／肺石风清
• 肺結核／肺结核 (fèijiéhé)
• 肺肝
• 肺腑 (fèifǔ)
• 肺腑之言 (fèifǔzhīyán)
• 肺腸／肺肠
• 肺膜
• 肺臟／肺脏 (fèizàng)
• 肺葉／肺叶 (fèiyè)
• 肺蛭 (fèizhì)
• 肺靜脈／肺静脉 (fèijìngmài)
• 自有肺腸／自有肺肠
• 都市之肺
• 鐵肺／铁肺 (tiěfèi)
• 驢心狗肺／驴心狗肺
• 驢肝肺／驴肝肺

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pèi (pei⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pui³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: pèi
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄟˋ
    • Wade–Giles: p'ei⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pey
    • IPA ^(key): /pʰeɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: pui³
    • Yale: pui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pui³
    • Guangdong Romanization: pui³
    • IPA ^(key): /pʰuːi̯³³/

DefinitionsEdit

肺

1. Only used in 肺肺.

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

肺

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: ほ (ho)
• Kan’on: はい (hai, Jōyō)
• Kun: まごころ (magokoro)

CompoundsEdit

• 肺臓 (はいぞう) (haizō)

Etymology 1Edit

• pukupukusi → ɸukuɸusi.

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): [ɸukuɸukuɕi]

NounEdit

肺 (hiragana ふくふくし, rōmaji fukufukushi)

1. (anatomy) lung
   • 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (page 68)

     心肺 々音辨 々訓布々久々之

   • 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 2, page 35:

     肺 白虎通云 音廢 布久布久之 [...] 金之精也 色白 [...] 肺藏也 [...]

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
肺
はい Grade: 6

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): [hai]

NounEdit

肺 (hiragana はい, rōmaji hai)

1. (anatomy) lung

SynonymsEdit

• 肺臓 (はいぞう) (haizō)

ReferencesEdit

• Yoshinori Kobayashi, Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 1: Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (in Japanese), Kyūko Shoin (published 1978; original text from 794), →ISBN.
• Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.
• Takeuchi, Rizō (1962) Nara Ibun: Volume 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō Shuppan, →ISBN.

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

肺 • (pye (rare) pae)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 폐 (rare) 패 (revised: pye (pe); pae, McCune–Reischauer: p'ye (p'e); p'ae, Yale: ph^yey; phay)
  • Name (hangeul): 허파 폐; 성할 패

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

肺 (phế, phổi, chị)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.