迄

迄 U+8FC4, 迄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8FC4 ← 迃 [U+8FC3] CJK Unified Ideographs 迅 → [U+8FC5]

Translingual

Han character

迄 (radical 162, 辵+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 卜人弓 (YON), four-corner 3830₁, composition ⿺辶乞)

1. extend, reach
2. until
3. till

References

• KangXi: page 1253, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38724
• Dae Jaweon: page 1735, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3816, character 12
• Unihan data for U+8FC4

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		迄

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
乞	*kʰɯds, *kʰɯd
盵	*kʰɯds
齕	*ɡɯːd, *ɡuːd
紇	*ɡɯːd, *ɡuːd
籺	*ɡɯːd
圪	*ŋrɯd, *ŋɯd
訖	*kɯd
吃	*kɯd
扢	*kɯd, *kuːd, *ɡuːd
疙	*ŋɯd
屹	*ŋɯd
仡	*ŋɯd, *hŋɯd
迄	*hŋɯd
釳	*hŋɯd
忔	*hŋɯd
汔	*hŋɯd
矻	*kʰuːd
麧	*ɡuːd

Etymology

Uncertain. 迄 (MC xjət) could be related to 暨 (MC gjiH), yet, within the same word family fricative, MC *x-does not alternate with velar stop *g-; alternatively, maybe related to 詣／诣 (yì) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qì (qi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngat⁶, hat¹
• Min Bei (KCR): kĭ
• Min Nan (POJ): hit / khert

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: qì
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
    • Wade–Giles: chʻi4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cì
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngat⁶, hat¹
    • Yale: ngaht, hāt
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngat⁹, hat⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: nged⁶, hed¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐt̚²/, /hɐt̚⁵/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kĭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰi²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hit / khert
    • Tâi-lô: hit / khert
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hit̚³²/, /kʰət³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hit̚⁵/, /kʰət⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hit̚³²/, /kʰət³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hit̚³²/, /kʰət³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hit̚³²/, /kʰət³²/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 迄
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕʰi¹³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕʰi²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕʰi⁵³/
	Xining	/t͡ɕʰji²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕʰi¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕʰi³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕʰi³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕʰiʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
	Pingyao
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕʰai²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰiʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕʰi⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/ŋɐt̚²/
	Nanning	/het̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/ŋɐt̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hit̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/ŋɛiʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kʰi²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/ŋɯk̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/xit̚⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /hɨt̚/

Rime
Character	迄
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	迄 (58)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許迄切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/hɨt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/xiət̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hɨt̚/
Li Rong	/xiət̚/
Wang Li	/xĭət̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯ət̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xi

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*hŋɯd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	迄
Reading #	1/1
No.	10087
Phonetic component	乞
Rime group	物
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*hŋɯd/

Definitions

迄

1. until, up, till
2. as yet

Compounds

• 迄今 (qìjīn)

• 迄今為止／迄今为止 (qìjīn wéizhǐ)

• 迄未成功

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Japanese

Kanji

迄

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. until, up to

Readings

• Go-on: こち (kochi)
• Kan-on: きつ (kitsu)
• Kun: およぶ (oyobu, 迄ぶ); まで (made, 迄)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
迄
まで Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 迄 – see the following entry.

【まで】 [particle] until, up to, as far as

(This term, 迄, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

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Korean

Hanja

迄 • (heul) (hangeul 흘, revised heul, McCune–Reischauer hŭl, Yale hul)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.