Wiktionary

雹

雹 U+96F9, 雹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96F9
← 雸
[U+96F8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 雺 →
[U+96FA]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

雹 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一月心口山 (MBPRU), four-corner 10712, composition ⿱雨包)

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1372, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42248
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1882, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4061, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+96F9

Chinese edit

trad. 雹
simp. # 雹
alternative forms 𩅟

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 雹
Shang Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (勹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
袍 *buː
袌 *buː, *buːs
軳 *buː
抱 *buːʔ
勽 *buːs, *mɯnʔ
菢 *buːs
勹 *pruː
包 *pruː
胞 *pruː, *pʰruː
苞 *pruː
枹 *pruː, *bu, *bu
飽 *pruːʔ
泡 *pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː
炮 *pʰruːs, *bruː
皰 *pʰruːs, *bruːs
疱 *pʰruːs, *bruːs
跑 *bruː, *bruːɡ
咆 *bruː
庖 *bruː
匏 *bruː
刨 *bruː
狍 *bruː
炰 *bruː
鉋 *bruː, *bruːs
瓟 *bruː, *bruːɡ
颮 *bruː, *pʰruːɡ
鞄 *bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ
鮑 *bruːʔ
骲 *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ
玸 *bu
雹 *bruːɡ
窇 *bruːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bruːɡ) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː).

Etymology edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-bru(ŋ/k) (“dragon; thunder”), whence also 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ, “dragon”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • dok5-4, tok5-4 - vernacular;
  • bok5, bau1 - literary.
Note:
  • pĕ̤k - vernacular;
  • pâu - literary.
Note:
  • pha̍uh/phàu/phau/phāu - vernacular;
  • pa̍k - literary.
Note:
  • tag8 - vernacular;
  • bog4, bao6 - literary.
Rime
Character 雹
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 江 (10)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 蒲角切
Baxter baewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bˠʌk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bᵚɔk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bɔk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/baɨwk̚/
Li
Rong 		/bɔk̚/
Wang
Li 		/bɔk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱɔk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bok6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 雹
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		báo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bæwk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.[b]ˁruk/
English hail

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 雹
Reading # 1/1
No. 310
Phonetic
component 		勹
Rime
group 		覺
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		雹
Old
Chinese 		/*bruːɡ/

Definitions edit

雹

  1. hail

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 冰雹 (“hail”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 雹
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 冰雹, 雹子, 雹
Mandarin Beijing 雹子
Taiwan 冰雹
Tianjin 雹子
Langfang 雹子
Chengde 雹子
Tangshan 冰雹, 雹子
Cangzhou 雹子
Baoding 雹子
Shijiazhuang 冷子, 雹子
Daming 冷子
Ulanhot 雹子
Tongliao 雹子
Chifeng 冰雹, 雹子
Bayanhot 冰雹, 冷子
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 雹子
Heihe 冰雹, 雹子
Qiqihar 雹子
Harbin 冰雹, 雹子, 冷子
Jiamusi 冰雹, 雹子
Baicheng 雹子, 冷子
Changchun 雹子
Tonghua 雹子
Shenyang 冰雹, 雹子
Dandong 雹子
Jinzhou 冰雹, 雹子
Dalian 雹子
Yantai 雹子
Yantai (Muping) 雹子
Qingdao 雹子
Lijin 雹子
Weifang (Weicheng) 雹子
Weifang (Fangzi) 雹子
Weifang (Hanting) 雹子
Changyi 雹子
Gaomi 雹子
Zhucheng 雹子
Anqiu 雹子
Changle 雹子
Linqu 雹子
Qingzhou 雹子
Shouguang 雹子
Rizhao 雹子
Wulian 雹子
Jinan 雹子, 冷子
Jining 雹子, 冷子
Luoyang 冰雹, 雹子, 冷子, 冷子疙瘩兒
Wanrong 冷子
Shangqiu 冰雹, 冷子
Yuanyang 冰雹, 雹子, 冷彈
Zhengzhou 冷, 琉璃蛋兒, 冰雹
Lingbao 冷子
Xinyang 冷子
Baihe 冰雹, 雪彈子, 冷子
Hanzhong 冰雹, 冷子
Xi'an 冰雹, 冷子
Baoji 冰雹, 冷子
Yinchuan 冷子, 雹子, 冰雹
Tianshui 冷子
Lanzhou 白雨, 冷子, 彈彈子
Dunhuang 冰雹, 冷子
Xining 雹子, 過雨蛋蛋, 雨蛋蛋, 冰蛋蛋
Hami 冷子
Ürümqi 冷子疙瘩, 冷子, 冰雹
Ürümqi (Xigou) 冰雹, 冷子, 冰疙瘩, 冷子疙瘩, 雷疙瘩
Ürümqi (Changshanzi) 冷子, 冷子疙瘩, 冰雹
Wuhan 冰雹, 雪磚
Huanggang 冷子
Yichang 冰雹, 冷子
Xiangyang 冰雹, 冷子
Tianmen 冰雹, 雪子
Hong'an 冰雹, 雪磚
Chengdu 雪彈子, 冰彈子, 冰雹, 冰雹子
Nanchong 冰雹, 冷彈子, 雪彈子
Dazhou 雪彈子
Hanyuan 雪彈子
Xichang 冰雹, 雪彈子
Zigong 雪彈子
Chongqing 雪彈子, 冰雹
Guiyang 白雨, 雹子, 冰雹
Zunyi 雪彈子, 冷彈子
Bijie 白雨, 冷子子
Liping 冰雹
Zhaotong 白雨
Dali 雪顆顆
Kunming 冰雹, 白雨, 雪雹子, 雪彈子
Mengzi 雪彈子
Guilin 冰雹, 雹子
Guilin (Lingui) 冰雹
Liuzhou 冰雹
Liuzhou (Luorong) 冰雹
Sanjiang (Danzhou) 雪雹
Jishou 冰雹
Changde 冰雹
Anqing 冰雹, 雹子
Xuzhou 雹子, 冷子
Fuyang 冷子
Wuhu 冰雹
Yangzhou 冰雹, 冰雹子, 雹子
Lianyungang 冰雹, 冷陣
Lianshui 冰雹
Nanjing 冰雹
Hefei 冷子, 鹽豆子, 雹子
Chuzhou 冷子
Nantong 冰珠兒, 冰塊臘子
Qimen (Anling Junhua) 冰雹
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 冷子
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 冷子
Kokang 雪
Mae Salong (Lancang) 雪果, 冰果, 雪塊, 雪
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 雪
Cantonese Guangzhou 雹, 雪珠
Hong Kong 雹, 冰雹
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 雹
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 雹
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 冰雹
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 冰
Macau 雹
Guangzhou (Panyu) 雹
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 雹
Guangzhou (Conghua) 雹
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 雹
Foshan 冰雹
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 雹
Foshan (Shunde) 雹
Foshan (Sanshui) 雹
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 冰雹
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 雹
Zhongshan (Chongkoumen Tanka) 冰泡
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 雹
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 雹
Zhuhai (Doumen) 雹
Jiangmen (Baisha) 雹
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 雹
Taishan 雹
Kaiping (Chikan) 雹
Enping (Niujiang) 雹
Heshan (Yayao) 冰雹
Dongguan 雹, 冰雹, 白石 dated
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 雹
Qingyuan 冰雹
Fogang 雹
Yingde (Hanguang) 冰雹
Yangshan 雹
Lianshan (Butian) 雹
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 冰雹
Shaoguan 冰雹
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 冰雹
Renhua 雹
Lechang 雹
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 雹
Sihui 冰雹, 雹
Guangning 雹
Deqing 雹
Huaiji 雹
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 雹
Yunfu 冰雹
Xinxing 雹
Luoding 雹
Yunan (Pingtai) 雹
Yangjiang 雹
Xinyi 冰雹
Lianjiang 雹
Nanning 冰雹
Wuzhou 冰雹
Yulin 雹子
Hepu (Lianzhou) 雹子
Guiping 冰雹
Guiping (Jintian) 冰雹
Guiping (Jiangkou) 冰泡, 冰雹
Mengshan (Xihe) 冰雹
Guigang (Nanjiang) 冰雹
Beiliu 雹子, 冰雹
Beiliu (Tangliao) 冰雹
Baise 冰雹
Bobai 冰雹
Lingshan 冰雹
Pubei 冰雹
Qinzhou 冰泡, 落雹, 冰雹
Qinzhou (Changtan) 冰雹
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 雹
Beihai 冰雹
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 雹
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 雹
Ningming 冰雹
Hengzhou 冰雹
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 冰雹
Chongzuo (Laituan) 冰雹, 雹
Pingle (Majia) 雹
Pingle (Shuishan) 雹
Danzhou 冰雹
Sanya (Yanglan Maihua) 冰雹
Móng Cái 雹
Gan Nanchang 雹子
Pengze 雹子
Poyang 冰雹
Yugan 雷雹哩
Yiyang, Jiangxi 雹子
Hengfeng 雹子
Yanshan 雹子
Lichuan 雹仔
Pingxiang 雷雹子
Hakka Meixian 雹
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 雹, 冰雹, 雪珠
Dongguan (Qingxi) 冰雹
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 冰雹
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 雹
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 冰雹
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 雹
Wuhua (Huacheng) 雹
Wuhua (Changbu) 雹
Wuhua (Mianyang) 冰雹
Heyuan (Bendihua) 冰雹
Wengyuan 冰雹
Liannan 雹
Conghua (Lütian) 魚眼睛
Jiexi 雹
Luhe 雹
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 冰雹
Changting 雹
Wuping 雹
Wuping (Yanqian) 冰雹
Liancheng (Peitian) 冰雹
Ninghua 雹
Yudu 雹
Ruijin 雹
Shicheng 雹
Shangyou (Shexi) 雹
Tonggu (Sandu) 雹子
Ganzhou (Panlong) 雹
Dayu 雹
Taoyuan 冰雹
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 冰雹
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 冰雹
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 冰雹
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 冰雹
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 冰雹
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 冰角
Hong Kong 雹
Yangxi (Tangkou) 雹
Yangchun (Sanjia) 冰雹
Xinyi (Sihe) 冰雹
Xinyi (Qianpai) 雹
Gaozhou (Xindong) 雹
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 雹
Huazhou (Xin'an) 雹
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 雹
Lianjiang (Qingping) 雹
Bobai (Shahe) 冰雹
Bobai (Longtan) 雹
Xingye (Gaofeng) 冰雹
Hengzhou (Xiaoyi) 天雹
Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui) 冰雹
Pingle (Tong'an) 雹
Yangshuo (Jinbao) 雹子, 冰雹
Chengdu (Longtan) 雪彈子
Chengdu (Shiling) 雪彈子, 冰雹
Chengdu (Longwang) 雪彈子
Chengdu (Shibantan) 雪彈子, 冰雹
Chengdu (Hexingchang) 雪彈子
Weiyuan (Guanyingtan) 雪彈子
Yilong (Ma'an) 冰雹, 冷子
Xichang (Huanglianguan) 雪彈子, 冰雹
Senai (Huiyang) 雹
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 冰雹
Singkawang 雪
Pontianak (Meixian) 雪塊
Huizhou Jixi 雹
Shexian 雹, 冰雹
Tunxi 冰雹, 龍雹
Xiuning 冰雹
Yixian 龍雹
Qimen 冰雹
Qimen (Anling Minhua) 雹子
Wuyuan 雹
Fuliang 雹子
Dexing 雹
Jin Taiyuan 冷彈子
Pingyao 冷彈子, 冷子
Yangyuan 冰雹, 雹子, 冷兒, 彈子
Datong 彈子, 冷子
Datong (Yunzhou) 彈子, 冷子
Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou) 彈子, 冷彈子
Xinzhou 冷彈子, 冷子, 拉彈子
Lishi 冷子
Linfen 冷子
Changzhi 冷子彈
Linhe 冷子, 冷子圪蛋, 冷彈子
Jining 冷彈子
Hohhot 冷彈子, 冷子
Baotou 冷彈子
Dongsheng 冷子
Haibowan 冷子, 冷子圪蛋
Erenhot 冷彈子
Pingshan 雹子
Zhangjiakou 冰雹, 冷彈子
Handan 冷子
Linzhou 冷彈
Suide 冷子
Northern Min Jian'ou 龍雹
Jian'ou (Dikou) 龍雹
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 雹
Jianyang 龍雹
Pucheng (Shibei) 龍雹
Eastern Min Fuzhou 雹, 冰雹
Changle 雹
Fuqing 雹, 冰雹
Yongtai 雹
Gutian 雹
Fu'an 龍雹
Ningde 雷卵
Shouning 龍雹
Zhouning 龍雹
Fuding 雷雹
Southern Min Xiamen 雹
Zhangzhou 雹
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 水晶
Zhao'an 冰雹, 雹
Dongshan 雹
Taipei 雹, 冰雹
Taipei (Wanhua) 雹
New Taipei (Sanxia) 雹
Kaohsiung 冰角
Yilan 雹, 霜仔角
Changhua (Lukang) 冰角
Taichung 冰雹, 冰角
Taichung (Wuqi) 冰雹
Tainan 冰角
Taitung 冰角
Hsinchu 冰雹, 冰角
Kinmen 雹
Penghu (Magong) 雹, 冰角
Zhangping (Yongfu) 雹
Datian 雹
Pingnan (Shangdu) 冰雹
Guilin (Biyange) 雹子
Hangzhou (Pingfeng) 冰雹
Chaozhou 雹
Shantou 雹
Bangkok (Teochew) 冰雹
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 冰雹
Leizhou 雹
Wenchang 雨雹
Puxian Min Putian 冰雹
Xianyou 雹
Central Min Yong'an 龍雹
Sanyuan 龍雹
Shaxian 龍錫
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 雹
Sanxiang 冰雹
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 雹子
Nanning (Shajing) 冰雹
Nanning (Gejiayuan) 冰雹
Nanning (Zhegulu) 雹子
Nanning (Xinxu) 雹子
Nanning (Silian) 雹子
Nanning (Xiuxiang) 雹子
Binyang 冰雹
Binyang (Xinqiao) 冰雹
Hengzhou (Baihe) 白子, 雹
Chongzuo (Laituan) 雹子
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 雹子
Guilin (Chaoyang) 冰雹
Guilin (Dongbianzhou) 雹子
Guilin (Zhuyuan) 冰雹
Guilin (Dabu) 雹子
Guilin (Yangjia) 雹子
Guilin (Wutong, Lingui) 冰雹, 雷雹, 雹
Guilin (Huangsha, Lingui) 雷雹
Guilin (Liangjiang, Lingui) 雹子
Guilin (Liutang, Lingui) 雹子
Lingchuan (Sanjie) 雹子
Lingchuan (Gaoqiao) 冰雹
Lingchuan (Gudong) 雹子
Lingchuan (Tanxia) 冰雹
Lingchuan (Shuangzhou) 雹子
Lingchuan (Gongping) 雷雹
Lingchuan (Lantian) 雷雹
Guanyang (Guanyinge) 雷雹
Pingle (Zhangjia) 冰雹
Yangshuo (Jima) 冰雹
Shehua Fu'an 龍雹
Fuding 龍雹
Luoyuan 龍雹
Sanming 龍雹
Hua'an 雹
Guixi (Zhangping) 雹
Cangnan 龍雹
Jingning 龍雹
Lishui 龍雹
Longyou 龍雹
Chaozhou 雹
Fengshun 雹
Wu Shanghai 冰雹, 冰塊 dated
Shanghai (Chongming) 冰塊
Suzhou 冰雹
Wuxi 冰雹
Danyang 冰雹
Hangzhou 冰雹
Ningbo 冰雹, 雹子, 雹
Wenzhou 龍雹
Jinhua 風雹, 冰雹
Jinhua (Tangxi) 風雹, 冰雹
Yongkang 龍雹
Pujiang 風雹
Dongyang 龍雹
Pan'an 龍雹
Wuyi 龍雹
Shangrao 雹子
Shangrao (Guangfeng) 雹子
Yushan 雹子
Xiang Changsha 冰雹, 冰雹子
Xiangtan 雪籽子, 冰構子
Xiangxiang 冰雹
Xiangxiang (Meiqiao) 冰雹
Loudi 雪雹子
Shuangfeng 冰雹
Quanzhou 冰雹
Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao) 雹崽, 雹子, 雪雹子, 白雨

Descendants edit

  • ⇒ Zhuang: lwgbag

Compounds edit

References edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

雹

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. hail

Readings edit

Etymology edit

Kanji in this term
雹
ひょう
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
 
雹 (hyō)

Perhaps from 氷 (hyō, “ice”) (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

雹(ひょう) • (hyō) 

  1. hail
  2. a hailstone

Derived terms edit

Korean edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese 雹 (MC baewk).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 빡〮 (Yale: ppák)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 무〮뤼〮 (Yale: mwúlwúy) 박〮 (Yale: pák)

Pronunciation edit

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

雹 (eumhun 우박 박 (ubak bak))

  1. Hanja form? of 박 (“hail”).

Compounds edit

Compounds

References edit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

雹: Hán Nôm readings: bạc, bão, boạc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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