Wiktionary

養

See also: 养
養 U+990A, 養
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-990A
← 餉
[U+9909] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 餋 →
[U+990B]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

養 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+6, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿人戈日女 (TOIAV), four-corner 80732, composition ⿱𦍌食)

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1419, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44144
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1943, character 31
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4452, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+990A

ChineseEdit

trad. 養
simp. 养
alternative forms 䍩
𢼝
𢽁
𩛬

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (養) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鯗 *slaŋʔ
養 *laŋʔ, *laŋs
癢 *laŋʔ
瀁 *laŋʔ, *laŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *laŋʔ, *laŋs): phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ, “sheep”) + semantic 食 (“to feed”).

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-klawŋ (“to guard; to tend cattle; to graze; to be at leisure”), whence Tibetan སྐྱོང (skyong, “to keep; to nurture”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation 1Edit

Note:
  • ióng/iáng - literary;
  • iúⁿ/ióⁿ - vernacular;
  • chiūⁿ/chiōⁿ - vernacular (limited, disputed, e.g. 頭養, more often written as 上).
Note:
  • ion2/iên2 - vernacular (iên2 - Chaozhou);
  • iang2 - literary.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 養
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 以 (36)
    Final (韻) 陽 (105)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 餘兩切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/jɨɐŋX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/jiɐŋX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/iɑŋX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/jɨaŋX/
    Li
    Rong         		/iaŋX/
    Wang
    Li         		/jĭaŋX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/i̯aŋX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yǎng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		joeng5
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 養 養
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		yǎng yǎng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ yangX › ‹ yangX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ɢ](r)aŋʔ/ /*[ɢ]aŋʔ/
    English long, longing nourish, raise

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 養
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 14613
    Phonetic
    component         		養
    Rime
    group         		陽
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		養
    Old
    Chinese         		/*laŋʔ/
    Notes 說文羊聲

    DefinitionsEdit

    養

    1. to raise; to rear
      養豬／养猪  ―  yǎng zhū  ―  to raise pigs
      養狗／养狗  ―  yǎng gǒu  ―  to pet a dog
    2. to support; to provide for; to bring up
      養家／养家  ―  yǎngjiā  ―  to support a family
      他是奶奶養大的。／他是奶奶养大的。  ―  Tā shì nǎinai yǎng dà de.  ―  He was raised by his grandma.
      佢父母仲有收入，唔使佢養。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      佢父母仲有收入，唔使佢养。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      keoi5 fu2 mou5 zung6 jau5 sau1 jap6, m4 sai2 keoi5 joeng5. [Jyutping]
      His parents still have income and don't need to be provided for by him.
    3. to give birth to
    4. to rest; to convalesce
      養病／养病  ―  yǎngbìng  ―  to convalesce
      養肝明目／养肝明目  ―  yǎng gān míng mù  ―  to nourish the liver and improve vision
    5. to maintain
      養路／养路  ―  yǎnglù  ―  to maintain a road or railway
    6. to cultivate; to form
      要養成每天運動的習慣 [MSC, trad.]
      要养成每天运动的习惯 [MSC, simp.]
      yào yǎng chéng měitiān yùndòng de xíguàn [Pinyin]
      One needs to cultivate the habit of exercising daily.
    7. to let one's hair grow
    8. to support; to help
      以農養工／以农养工  ―  yǐ nóng yǎng gōng  ―  to use agriculture to support industries
    9. (in compounds) foster; adoptive
      養父母／养父母  ―  yǎngfùmǔ  ―  foster parents
    10. accomplishment; cultivation
      素養／素养  ―  sùyǎng  ―  accomplishment
    11. 81st tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "fostering" (𝍖)
    SynonymsEdit
    Dialectal synonyms of 養 (“to raise; to rear (animals)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 飼, 養, 畜
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 養, 餵養, 飼養, 畜養
    Mandarin Taiwan 養
    Jinan 養
    Xuzhou 餵
    Nanjing 養
    Malaysia 養
    Singapore 養
    Cantonese Guangzhou 養
    Hong Kong 養
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 養
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 養, 分
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 養
    Taishan 養
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 養
    Singapore (Guangfu) 養
    Gan Nanchang 養
    Lichuan 供
    Pingxiang 養
    Hakka Meixian 養, 畜
    Changting 供
    Wuping 供, 畜
    Liancheng 喂, 供
    Ninghua 供
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 畜, 養
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 畜, 養
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 畜, 養
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 畜, 養
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 畜
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 供
    Hong Kong 養
    Senai (Huiyang) 養
    Huizhou Jixi 供
    Jin Taiyuan 養
    Min Bei Jian'ou 飼
    Songxi 飼
    Zhenghe 飼
    Jianyang 飼
    Wuyishan 飼
    Min Dong Fuzhou 養, 飼
    Changle 養
    Lianjiang 飼
    Fuqing 養
    Pingtan 養, 飼
    Yongtai 養
    Minqing 養, 飼
    Gutian 養, 飼
    Pingnan 飼
    Luoyuan 飼
    Fu'an 飼
    Ningde 飼
    Xiapu 飼
    Zherong 飼
    Shouning 飼
    Zhouning 飼
    Fuding 飼
    Min Nan Xiamen 飼
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 飼
    Quanzhou 飼
    Jinjiang 飼
    Nan'an 飼
    Shishi 飼
    Hui'an 飼
    Anxi 飼
    Yongchun 飼
    Dehua 飼
    Zhangzhou 飼
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 飼
    Zhangzhou (Changtai) 飼
    Hua'an 飼
    Nanjing 飼
    Pinghe 飼
    Zhangpu 飼
    Yunxiao 飼
    Zhao'an 飼
    Dongshan 飼
    Taipei 飼
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 飼
    Kaohsiung 飼
    Yilan 飼
    Changhua (Lukang) 飼
    Taichung 飼
    Tainan 飼
    Hsinchu 飼
    Kinmen 飼
    Penghu (Magong) 飼
    Penang (Hokkien) 飼
    Singapore (Hokkien) 飼
    Longyan 飼
    Zhangping 飼
    Datian 飼
    Chaozhou 飼
    Shantou 飼
    Jieyang 飼
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 飼
    Singapore (Teochew) 飼
    Leizhou 飼
    Wenchang 飼
    Haikou 飼
    Puxian Min Putian 飼
    Xianyou 飼
    Min Zhong Yong'an 供
    Sanyuan 供
    Shaxian 供
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 養
    Wu Shanghai 養
    Danyang 養
    Hangzhou 養
    Dialectal synonyms of 養 (“to raise; to provide for (people)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 養
    Mandarin Taiwan 養
    Jinan 養
    Wanrong 養
    Nanjing 養
    Singapore 養
    Cantonese Hong Kong 養
    Singapore (Guangfu) 養
    Gan Nanchang 養
    Pingxiang 養
    Huizhou Jixi 養
    Jin Taiyuan 養
    Min Dong Fuzhou 養
    Min Nan Xiamen 飼
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 飼
    Quanzhou 飼
    Yongchun 飼
    Zhangzhou 飼
    Tainan 飼
    Singapore (Hokkien) 飼
    Chaozhou 飼
    Singapore (Teochew) 飼
    Wenchang 飼
    Haikou 飼
    Qionghai 飼
    Wu Shanghai 養
    Danyang 養
    Hangzhou 養

    DescendantsEdit

    • → Proto-Tai: *liəŋꟲ (“to raise”)

    Pronunciation 2Edit

    Rime
    Character 養
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 以 (36)
    Final (韻) 陽 (105)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 餘亮切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/jɨɐŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/jiɐŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/iɑŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/jɨaŋH/
    Li
    Rong         		/iaŋH/
    Wang
    Li         		/jĭaŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/i̯aŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yàng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		joeng6
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 養
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 14616
    Phonetic
    component         		養
    Rime
    group         		陽
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		漾
    Old
    Chinese         		/*laŋs/

    DefinitionsEdit

    養

    1. to support and provide for (parents or elder relatives)

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 養

    ReferencesEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    Shinjitai 養
    Kyūjitai
    [1]
    養󠄁
    養+&#xE0101;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)         		 
    養󠄄
    養+&#xE0104;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    KanjiEdit

    養

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds


    Kanji in this term
    養
    よう
    Grade: 4
    on’yomi

    PronunciationEdit

    AffixEdit

    養(よう) • (yō) ←やう (yau)?

    1. to raise; to rear; to bring up
    2. to support

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 2337 (paper), page 1220 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    養 (eumhun 기를 양 (gireul yang))

    1. Hanja form? of 양 (“to raise”).

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    養: Hán Nôm readings: dưỡng, dẳng

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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