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기긱긲긳긴긵긶 긷길긹긺긻긼긽 긾긿김깁깂깃깄 깅깆깇깈깉깊깋 | |
긔 ← | → 까 |
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Korean
editEtymology 1
editFrom Early Modern Korean 긿 (kilh), from Middle Korean 긿〮 (kílh), probably ultimately from Old Korean 道尸 (*KIl). The Middle Korean /-h/ may be the remnant of an ancient place-related suffix; see Appendix:Middle Korean h-final nouns.
In the hangul script, first attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 긿〮 (Yale: kílh).
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kiɭ]
Audio: (file)
- Phonetic hangul: [길]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | gil |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gil |
McCune–Reischauer? | kil |
Yale Romanization? | kil |
- South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 길의 / 길에 / 길까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.
Noun
edit길 • (gil)
- (also figuratively) a road, a path, a street, a track; passage, thoroughfare
- 1955 (posthumous), 윤동주/尹東柱<t:Yun Dong-ju>, “새로운 길”, in 하늘과 바람과 별과 詩:
- 내를 건너서 숲으로 / 고개를 넘어서 마을로 / 어제도 가고 오늘도 갈 / 나의길 새로운 길
- nae-reul geonneoseo sup-euro / gogae-reul neomeoseo ma'eul-lo / eoje-do gago oneul-do gal / na-uigil saeroun gil
- Crossing the stream and into the forest / Over the hill and into the village / The road I travelled yesterday and will travel today / The road will be forever new
- a way, (on) the way; a route/course (e.g. an airway or sea route)
- 1964, 김승옥/金承鈺, 무진기행/霧津記行:
- 서울을 떠나는 마지막 기차를 놓친 나는 서울에서 무진까지의 천여리 길을 발가락이 몇 번이고 부르터지도록 걸어서 내려왔고 […]
- Seour-eul tteonaneun majimak gicha-reul notchin na-neun Seour-eseo Mujin-kkaji-ui cheonyeori gir-eul balgarag-i myeot beonigo bureuteoji-dorok georeoseo naeryeowatgo [ … ]
- Having missed the last train leaving Seoul, I had to walk the entire way from Seoul to Mujin—a distance of around a thousand li—with my toes blistering time after time.
- (figuratively) the road (to)..., the path (to)...
- (figuratively) a way, a means, a method
- Synonym: 방도(方道) (bangdo)
Alternative forms
editDerived terms
edit- 가르맛길 (gareumatgil)
- 가시밭길 (gasibatgil)
- 갈림길 (gallimgil)
- 갓길 (gatgil)
- 강변길 (江邊—, gangbyeon'gil)
- 곁길 (gyeotgil)
- 고갯길 (gogaetgil)
- 고부랑길 (goburanggil)
- 고빗길 (gobitgil)
- 고생길 (苦生—, gosaenggil)
- 골목길 (golmokgil)
- 구름길 (gureumgil)
- 구부렁길 (gubureonggil)
- 굽잇길 (gubitgil)
- 굿길 (gutgil)
- 귀갓길 (歸家—, gwigatgil)
- 귀향길 (歸鄕—, gwihyanggil)
- 그길로 (geugillo)
- 극락길 (極樂—, geungnakgil)
- 기찻길 (汽車—, gichatgil)
- 길가 (gilga)
- 길갈래 (gilgallae)
- 길강아지 (gilgang'aji)
- 길거리 (gilgeori)
- 길나들이 (gilladeuri)
- 길냥이 (gillyang'i)
- 길녘 (gillyeok)
- 길눈 (gillun)
- 길도랑 (gildorang)
- 길독 (—毒, gildok)
- 길동무 (gildongmu)
- 길라잡이 (gillajabi)
- 길마루 (gilmaru)
- 길마을 (gilma'eul)
- 길막이 (gilmagi)
- 길머리 (gilmeori)
- 길모퉁이 (gilmotung'i)
- 길목 (gilmok)
- 길바닥 (gilbadak)
- 길벌레 (gilbeolle)
- 길벗 (gilbeot)
- 길사람 (gilsaram)
- 길섶 (gilseop)
- 길손 (gilson)
- 길송장 (gilsongjang)
- 길싸움 (gilssaum)
- 길앞잡이 (girapjabi)
- 길옆 (giryeop)
- 길짐승 (giljimseung)
- 길치 (—癡, gilchi)
- 길켠 (gilkyeon)
- 길턱 (gilteok)
- 길품 (gilpum)
- 길허리 (gilheori)
- 꼬부랑길 (kkoburanggil)
- 꽃길 (kkotgil)
- 꾸부렁길 (kkubureonggil)
- 꿈길 (kkumgil)
- 나그넷길 (nageunetgil)
- 나룻길 (narutgil)
- 나뭇길 (namutgil)
- 내리막길 (naerimakgil)
- 널길 (neolgil)
- 논길 (non'gil)
- 농삿길 (農事—, nongsatgil)
- 눈길 (nun'gil)
- 눈물길 (nunmulgil)
- 답삿길 (踏査—, dapsatgil)
- 덤불길 (deombulgil)
- 도붓길 (到付—, dobutgil)
- 돈길 (don'gil)
- 돌길 (dolgil)
- 돌림길 (dollimgil)
- 두렁길 (dureonggil)
- 두멧길 (dumetgil)
- 둑길 (dukgil)
- 뒤안길 (dwian'gil)
- 뒷길 (dwitgil)
- 들길 (deulgil)
- 등굣길 (登校—, deunggyotgil)
- 등반길 (登攀—, deungban'gil)
- 등산길 (登山—, deungsan'gil)
- 등판길 (deungpan'gil)
- 뗏길 (ttetgil)
- 마당길 (madanggil)
- 마찻길 (馬車—, machatgil)
- 막장길 (makjanggil)
- 망종길 (亡終—, mangjonggil)
- 먼짓길 (meonjitgil)
- 모랫길 (moraetgil)
- 무덤길 (mudeomgil)
- 문길 (門—, mun'gil)
- 물길 (mulgil)
- 뭍길 (mutgil)
- 바깥길 (bakkatgil)
- 바닷길 (badatgil)
- 바람길 (baramgil)
- 바른길 (bareun'gil)
- 바윗길 (bawitgil)
- 밤길 (bamgil)
- 밥길 (bapgil)
- 방랑길 (放浪—, bangnanggil)
- 방문길 (訪問—, bangmun'gil)
- 밭길 (batgil)
- 밭머릿길 (banmeoritgil)
- 밭틀길 (bat'teulgil)
- 배움길 (bae'umgil)
- 뱃길 (baetgil)
- 벌잇길 (beoritgil)
- 벌판길 (beolpan'gil)
- 벼랑길 (byeoranggil)
- 벼룻길 (byeorutgil)
- 벼슬길 (byeoseulgil)
- 복판길 (bokpan'gil)
- 불길 (bulgil)
- 비단길 (緋緞—, bidan'gil)
- 비탈길 (bitalgil)
- 비행길 (飛行—, bihaenggil)
- 빗길 (bitgil)
- 빙판길 (氷板—, bingpan'gil)
- 사랫길 (saraetgil)
- 사릿길 (saritgil)
- 사잇길 (saitgil)
- 산골길 (山—, san'golgil)
- 산길 (山—, san'gil)
- 살길 (salgil)
- 샛길 (saetgil)
- 서덜길 (seodeolgil)
- 세상길 (世上—, sesanggil)
- 수렛길 (suretgil)
- 수림길 (樹林—, surimgil)
- 숨길 (sumgil)
- 숫눈길 (sunnun'gil)
- 숲길 (supgil)
- 시골길 (sigolgil)
- 신행길 (新行—, sinhaenggil)
- 싸움길 (ssaumgil)
- 썰맷길 (sseolmaetgil)
- 아랫길 (araetgil)
- 안갯길 (an'gaetgil)
- 안길 (an'gil)
- 앞길 (apgil)
- 언덕길 (eondeokgil)
- 얼음길 (eoreumgil)
- 엇길 (eotgil)
- 에움길 (e'umgil)
- 여행길 (旅行—, yeohaenggil)
- 옆길 (yeopgil)
- 옛길 (yetgil)
- 오르막길 (oreumakgil)
- 오솔길 (osolgil)
- 오줌길 (ojumgil)
- 외길 (oegil)
- 외딴길 (oettan'gil)
- 우물길 (umulgil)
- 운길 (運—, un'gil)
- 윗길 (witgil)
- 이슬길 (iseulgil)
- 인생길 (人生—, insaenggil)
- 자갈길 (jagalgil)
- 장삿길 (jangsatgil)
- 저승길 (jeoseunggil)
- 전찻길 (電車—, jeonchatgil)
- 죽음길 (jugeumgil)
- 지름길 (jireumgil)
- 진창길 (jinchanggil)
- 찻길 (車—, chatgil)
- 철길 (鐵—, cheolgil)
- 첫길 (cheotgil)
- 초행길 (初行—, chohaenggil)
- 촌길 (村—, chon'gil)
- 출근길 (出勤—, chulgeun'gil)
- 출셋길 (出世—, chulsetgil)
- 출입길 (出入—, churipgil)
- 출장길 (出張—, chuljanggil)
- 출퇴근길 (出退勤—, chultoegeun'gil)
- 큰길 (keun'gil)
- 토막길 (tomakgil)
- 포장길 (鋪裝—, pojanggil)
- 푸섶길 (puseopgil)
- 피난길 (避難—, pinan'gil)
- 피란길 (避亂—, piran'gil)
- 하굣길 (下校—, hagyotgil)
- 하늘길 (haneulgil)
- 하룻길 (harutgil)
- 한길 (han'gil)
- 헛길 (heotgil)
- 혼삿길 (婚事—, honsatgil)
- 혼인길 (婚姻—, honin'gil)
- 황천길 (黃泉—, hwangcheon'gil)
- 황톳길 (黃土—, hwangtotgil)
- 흐름길 (heureumgil)
- 흙탕길 (—湯—, heuktanggil)
See also
editEtymology 2
editFirst attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 질〮 (Yale: cíl).
Was subject to hypercorrection by Seoul speakers to avoid the /ki/ > /t͡ɕi/ palatalization in southern dialects, producing Early Modern Korean 길 (kil); 김치 (gimchi) and 기와 (giwa) are two other well-known examples of this phenomenon. Non-standard dialects commonly preserve the original form.
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kiɭ]
Audio: (file)
- Phonetic hangul: [길]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | gil |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gil |
McCune–Reischauer? | kil |
Yale Romanization? | kil |
Noun
edit길 • (gil)
- (of animals) training; domestication
- (of tools, etc.) breaking in; wear
- (less common) familiarity; skill
Usage notes
edit- Used chiefly with the verbs 들다 (deulda, “to enter”, intransitive) and 들이다 (deurida, “to let in”, transitive), and sometimes with the verb 나다 (nada, “to arise”, intransitive).
Alternative forms
editDerived terms
editEtymology 3
editFirst attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 길〯 (Yale: kǐl), related to 길〯다〮 (Yale: kǐl-tá, “to be long”).[1]
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ki(ː)ɭ]
Audio: (file)
- Phonetic hangul: [길(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | gil |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gil |
McCune–Reischauer? | kil |
Yale Romanization? | kīl |
Noun
edit길 • (gil)
- a gil, a traditional Korean unit of measurement
- the gil, a traditional Korean unit of length equal to 8 or 10 Korean foot (자 (ja)), equivalent to approximately 2.4 m and 3 m respectively
- 1908, 구연학/具然學, chapter 9, in 雪中梅:
- 층암과 절벽이 상ᄃᆡᄒᆞ야 병풍을 셰운 듯ᄒᆞᆫᄃᆡ 놉기ᄂᆞᆫ 몃백 길인지 아지 못ᄒᆞ며 […]
- cheung'am-gwa jeolbyeog-i sangdae-haya byeongpung-eul syeun deut-handae nopgineun myeotbaek gir-in-ji aji mot-hamyeo [ … ]
- The confronting rocky cliffs and precipices stand tall like a folding screen—one could only guess that they must be a few hundred gils tall […]
- the gil, a traditional Korean unit of length equal to the height of a person; a fathom
- the gil, a traditional Korean unit of length equal to 8 or 10 Korean foot (자 (ja)), equivalent to approximately 2.4 m and 3 m respectively
Derived terms
editEtymology 4
editOf native Korean origin.
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ki(ː)ɭ]
Audio: (file)
- Phonetic hangul: [길(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | gil |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gil |
McCune–Reischauer? | kil |
Yale Romanization? | kīl |
Noun
edit길 • (gil)
- (clothing) the gil, the large body section of the upper garment in traditional clothing such as the 저고리 (jeogori) or 두루마기 (durumagi)
Etymology 5
editSino-Korean word from 吉.
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kiɭ]
Audio: (file)
- Phonetic hangul: [길]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | Gil |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | Gil |
McCune–Reischauer? | Kil |
Yale Romanization? | kil |
Proper noun
edit- a surname
Root
edit- Root of 길(吉)하다 (gilhada, “to be auspicious”). Rarely used alone.
Derived terms
edit- See the hanja entry at 吉 for Sino-Korean compounds of 길 (吉, gil).
Etymology 6
editSee the main entries.
Adjective
edit길 • (gil)
Verb
edit길 • (gil)
Verb
edit길 • (gil)
Etymology 7
editKorean reading of various Chinese characters.
Syllable
edit길 (gil)
References
edit- ^ Samuel E. Martin (1992) A Reference Grammar of Korean: A Complete Guide to the Grammar and History of the Korean Language, first edition, Charles E. Tuttle Publishing Co., Inc., →ISBN, page 87
Middle Korean
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
editCounter
edit길〯 (kǐl)
- a gil, a traditional Korean unit of length equal to the height of a person; a fathom
- 1447, “Stanza 48”, in 龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가:
- 굴허〮ᅌᅦ〮 ᄆᆞᄅᆞᆯ〮 디〯내〯샤〮 도ᄌᆞ기〮 다〯 도라〮가니〮 半 길〯 노ᄑᆡᆫ〮ᄃᆞᆯ〮 년기〮 디〯나리〮ᅌᅵᆺ가〮
- kwùlhéng-éy mòl-ól tǐnǎysyá twòcòk-í tǎ twòlákàní PAN kǐl nwòphóy-ntól nyènk-í tǐnàlíngìká
- [Chased] into an alley, [emperor Taizu] had his horse leap over [a cliff a gil high], and all the bandits [had no choice but to] turn back. Even if it were half a gil high, could anyone else [i.e. the bandits] have done the same?
Descendants
edit- Korean: 길 (gil)
Etymology 2
editNoun
edit길〮 (kíl)
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