U+AE40, 김
HANGUL SYLLABLE GIM
Composition: + +
긿
[U+AE3F]
Hangul Syllables
[U+AE41]

Korean

edit


긿

긔 ←→ 까

Etymology 1

edit

 
(gim, “laver”)

First attested in the nineteenth century. Perhaps ultimately related to the "weed" sense below, but this is speculative.

Pronunciation

edit
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ki(ː)m]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gim
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gim
McCune–Reischauer?kim
Yale Romanization?kīm
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: / 김 / 김까지

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.

Noun

edit

(gim)

  1. laver (nori, a type of edible seaweed in the genus Porphyra)
    Synonyms: (rare) 해태(海苔) (haetae), (chiefly dialectal) 해의(海衣) (hae'ui)
Derived terms
edit
See also
edit

Etymology 2

edit

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 김〯 (Yale: kǐm).

Pronunciation

edit
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ki(ː)m]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gim
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gim
McCune–Reischauer?kim
Yale Romanization?kīm
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: / 김 / 김까지

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.

Noun

edit

(gim)

  1. steam; vapor
    Synonyms: 증기(蒸氣) (jeunggi, vapour), 수증기(水蒸氣) (sujeunggi, steam)

Etymology 3

edit

Of native Korean origin.

Pronunciation

edit
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gim
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gim
McCune–Reischauer?kim
Yale Romanization?kim

Dependent noun

edit

(gim)

  1. since, given that, seeing as; only used in 은 김에 (-eun gime) and 는 김에 (-neun gime)

Etymology 4

edit

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 기ᅀᅳᆷ〮 (Yale: kìzúm), originally equivalent to 기ᇫ (Yale: kìz-, “to be lush, to be verdant (of plant growth)”) + 음〮 (Yale: -úm, substantive-deriving suffix).

Pronunciation

edit
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ki(ː)m]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gim
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gim
McCune–Reischauer?kim
Yale Romanization?kīm

Noun

edit

(gim)

  1. weed in fields or rice paddies, which must be uprooted
Derived terms
edit
See also
edit

Etymology 5

edit

Sino-Korean word from (gold; metal). This reading is found only in the surname and certain place names. Orthodox Sino-Korean is (, geum).

Most likely a borrowing from Early Mandarin (EM *kim) during Mongol rule in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.[1]

Pronunciation

edit
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gim
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gim
McCune–Reischauer?kim
Yale Romanization?kim

Proper noun

edit

(Gim) (hanja )

  1. a surname, Kim (most common surname in Korea)
    연아 (姸兒)Gim Yeon-aYuna Kim
    정은 (正恩)Gim Jeong-eunKim Jong-un
    대중 (大中)Gim DaejungKim Dae-jung
Descendants
edit
  • English: Kim, Gim
  • Ukrainian: Кім (Kim)

References

edit
  1. ^ 권인한 [gwoninhan] (2004) “성씨 김(金)의 한자음 연원을 찾아서 [seongssi gimui hanja'eum yeonwoneul chajaseo]”, in Sae Gugeo Saenghwal[1] (in Korean), volume 14, number 4, pages 143—155