Wiktionary

나

See also: -나
나 U+B098, 나
HANGUL SYLLABLE NA
Composition:ㄴ + ㅏ
← 낗
[U+B097] 		Hangul Syllables 낙 →
[U+B099]
㈏ U+320F, ㈏
PARENTHESIZED HANGUL NIEUN A
← ㈎
[U+320E] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㈐ →
[U+3210]
㉯ U+326F, ㉯
CIRCLED HANGUL NIEUN A
← ㉮
[U+326E] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㉰ →
[U+3270]
나낙낚낛난낝낞
낟날낡낢낣낤낥
낦낧남납낪낫났
낭낮낯낰낱낲낳
끼 ←→ 내

JejuEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Cognate with Korean 나 (na).

PronounEdit

나 (na)

  1. I, the first-person singular pronoun

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle Korean 낳〮 (náh).

NounEdit

나 (na)

  1. age
Alternative formsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • “나” in Jeju Dialect Dictionary, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province.
  • “나” in Andrew Cheng; K. David Harrison, Jeju-eo Talking Dictionary, Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages, 2014.

KoreanEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle Korean 나 (Yale: nà, “I; me”). Presumably existed in Old Korean, but cannot be ascertained because Old Korean pronouns were written with Chinese logograms that obscure the pronunciation.

It has been suggested since the 1950s that the basic Korean pronouns 나 (na, “I; me”), 너 (neo, “you”), and 누 (nu, “who”) (> modern 누구 (nugu)) were all formed from the same etymon via ablaut, which appears to have once been an extremely productive process in Korean, at some very ancient stage.[1][2] Given the very limited data on prehistoric Korean, this hypothesis cannot be proven for sure either way.

Possibly cognate with Old Japanese 己 (na, “I”, first-person singular plain (non-polite) pronoun); if so, generally assumed to be a Korean loan into Japanese given the scarcity of Ryukyuan cognates (Vovin 2010).

PronunciationEdit

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?na
Revised Romanization (translit.)?na
McCune–Reischauer?na
Yale Romanization?na

PronounEdit

나 • (na)

  1. I, me; the first-person singular plain (non-polite) pronoun
    Synonym: (humble) 저 (jeo, “I, me”)
    Antonym: 너 (neo, “you”)
    나는 하늘을 나는 자동차가 빨리 발명되기를 바란다. ― Na-neun haneur-eul naneun jadongcha-ga ppalli balmyeong-doegi-reul baranda. ― I hope that flying cars will be invented soon.
Alternative formsEdit
Derived termsEdit
  • 너나 (neona, “you and me”)
See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle Korean 낳〮 (náh); see the main entry for more.

PronunciationEdit

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [na̠(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [나(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?na
Revised Romanization (translit.)?na
McCune–Reischauer?na
Yale Romanization?nā

NounEdit

나 • (na)

  1. (especially Gyeongsang) Alternative form of 나이 (nai, “age”)

Etymology 3Edit

Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

SyllableEdit

나 (na)

Extended content
  1. 奈: how
    (eumhun reading: 어찌 나 (eojji na))
    (MC reading: 奈 (MC nɑiH, nɑH))
  2. 哪: how
    (eumhun reading: 어찌 나 (eojji na))
    (MC reading: 哪)
  3. 那: how
    (eumhun reading: 어찌 나 (eojji na))
    (MC reading: 那 (MC nɑ, nɑX, nɑH))
  4. 懦: feeble
    (eumhun reading: 나약할 나 (nayakhal na))
    (MC reading: 懦 (MC ȵɨo))
  5. 儺: exorcistic rite
    (eumhun reading: 푸닥거리 나 (pudakgeori na))
    (MC reading: 儺 (MC nɑ))
  6. 娜: beautiful
    (eumhun reading: 아리따울 나 (arittaul na))
    (MC reading: 娜 (MC nɑX))
  7. 拿: grab
    (eumhun reading: 잡을 나 (jabeul na))
    (MC reading: 拿)
  8. 拏: grab
    (eumhun reading: 붙잡을 나 (butjabeul na))
    (MC reading: 拏 (MC ɳˠa))
  9. 挐: grab
    (eumhun reading: 붙잡을 나 (butjabeul na))
    (MC reading: 挐 (MC ɳɨʌ, ɳˠa))
  10. 挪: move
    (eumhun reading: 옮길 나 (omgil na))
    (MC reading: 挪 (MC nɑ))
  11. 梛: name of a tree
    (eumhun reading: 나무 이름 나 (namu ireum na))
    (MC reading: 梛)
  12. 糥: sticky rice
    (eumhun reading: 찰벼 나 (chalbyeo na))
    (MC reading: 糥)
  13. 難: lush with plants
    (eumhun reading: 우거질 나 (ugeojil na))
    (MC reading: 難 (MC nɑn, nɑnH))

Etymology 4Edit

Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters, when in isolation or as the first character of a word. Word-internally, they are pronounced as 라 (ra).

Following a language reform in the mid-twentieth century, North Koreans pronounce these characters as 라 (ra) in all environments.

SyllableEdit

나 (na)

Extended content
  1. 羅: net
    (eumhun reading: 그물 나 (geumul na))
    (MC reading: 羅 (MC lɑ))
  2. 倮: disrobe, naked
    (eumhun reading: 벗을 나 (beoseul na))
    (MC reading: 倮)
  3. 裸: Alternative form of 倮
    (MC reading: 裸 (MC luɑX))
  4. 懶: lazy
    (eumhun reading: 게으를 나 (geeureul na))
    (MC reading: 懶 (MC lɑnX))
  5. 癩: leper
    (eumhun reading: 나환자 나 (nahwanja na))
    (MC reading: 癩 (MC lɑiH, lɑt̚))
  6. 螺: aquatic snail
    (eumhun reading: 소라 나 (sora na))
    (MC reading: 螺 (MC luɑ))
  7. 儸: talented, competent
    (eumhun reading: 간능 있을 나 (ganneung isseul na))
    (MC reading: 儸 (MC lɑ))
  8. 蠃: wasp
    (eumhun reading: 나나니벌 나 (nananibeol na))
    (MC reading: 蠃 (MC luɑ, luɑX))
  9. 囉: for sounds to mingle
    (eumhun reading: 소리 얽힐 나 (sori eolkil na))
    (MC reading: 囉 (MC lɑ))
  10. 曪: without sunlight
    (eumhun reading: 햇빛 없을 나 (haetbit eopseul na))
    (MC reading: 曪 (MC lɑX))
  11. 瘰: scrofula
    (eumhun reading: 연주창 나 (yeonjuchang na))
    (MC reading: 瘰 (MC luɑX))
  12. 砢: piling of stones
    (eumhun reading: 돌 쌓일 나 (dol ssail na))
    (MC reading: 砢 (MC lɑX))
  13. 臝: naked
    (eumhun reading: 벌거벗을 나 (beolgeobeoseul na))
    (MC reading: 臝 (MC luɑX))
  14. 蘿: mugwort
    (eumhun reading: 쑥 나 (ssuk na))
    (MC reading: 蘿 (MC lɑ))
  15. 邏: supervisor
    (eumhun reading: 순라 나 (sulla na))
    (MC reading: 邏 (MC lɑH))
  16. 鑼: gong
    (eumhun reading: 징 나 (jing na))
    (MC reading: 鑼 (MC lɑ))
  17. 騾: mule
    (eumhun reading: 노새 나 (nosae na))
    (MC reading: 騾 (MC luɑ))
  18. 亽:
    (MC reading: 亽)

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ 이근수 (1971), “母(모)音(음)의 意(의)味(미)交(교)替(체)의 範(범)疇(주)中(중)期(기)國(국)語(어)를 中(중)心(심)으로 [Categories of semantic vowel alternation: Focusing on Middle Korean]”, in Gugeo gungmunhak, volume 54, pages 93—132
  2. ^ 이근수 (1975), “Ablaut 硏(연)究(구) [A study of ablaut]”, in Eomunnonjip, volume 10, pages 85—100
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