안

안 U+C548, 안 HANGUL SYLLABLE AN Composition: ㅇ + ㅏ + ㄴ Dubeolsik input: d-k-s ← 앇 [U+C547] Hangul Syllables 앉 → [U+C549]

Korean

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [a̠n]
• Phonetic hangeul: [안]

Revised Romanization? an Revised Romanization (translit.)? an McCune–Reischauer? an Yale Romanization? an

Etymology 1

아악앆앇안앉않 앋알앍앎앏앐앑 앒앓암압앖앗았 앙앚앛앜앝앞앟
씨 ←	→ 애

Syllable

안 • (an)

1. A Hangul syllabic block made up of ㅇ, ㅏ, and ㄴ.

Etymology 2

First attested in the Yongbi eocheonga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 않 (Yale: anh).

Noun

안 • (an)

1. inside; interior

Synonyms

• 속 (sok)

Antonyms

• 바깥 (bakkat)
• 밖 (bak)

Derived terms

• 안감 (an-gam)
• 안뜰 (antteul)
• 안마당 (anmadang)
• 안방 (anbang)
• 안사람 (ansaram)
• 안손님 (ansonnim)
• 안자락 (anjarak)
• 안주머니 (anjumeoni)
• 안주인 (anju-in)
• 안집 (anjip)
• 안짝 (anjjak)
• 안짱다리 (anjjangdari)
• 안쪽 (anjjok)
• 안채 (anchae)
• 안팎 (anpak)

 

Related terms

• 안다 (anda)
• 안기다 (an-gida)

Etymology 3

Contraction of 아니 (ani), ultimately from Old Korean 不知 (*ANti).

Adverb

안 • (an)

1. not

   안 먹어? 

   An meogeo?

   Won’t [you] eat?

   안 먹어! 

   An meogeo!

   [I] won’t eat!

Related terms

• 아니 (ani) (adverb)
• 아니다 (anida) (verb)

Usage notes

The related auxiliary verb 않다 (anta) is used to negate a clause, and has a more formal connotation. Compare:

• 야, 나 안 먹었어. 

  Ya, na an meogeosseo.

  Hey, I didn't eat.

• 교수님, 저는 먹지 않았습니다. 

  Gyosunim, jeoneun meokji anatseumnida.

  I didn't eat, Professor.

Certain terms or expressions have a strong (sometimes obligatory) preference for one negation type or another. For example, adjectives derived from 스럽다 (seureopda) are usually negated by 않다 (anta), as do inherently negative verbs such as 없다 (eopda, “to not have”) and 모르다 (moreuda, “to not know”). By contrast, negated rhetorical questions obligatorily require 안 (an).

안 (an, “not”) negates only the verb or adjective, whereas 않다 (anta) negates the entire embedded clause. While this difference is often not semantically meaningful, it can also lead to contrasting meanings, such as when the particle 만 (man, “only”) is involved:

• 사과만 안 먹어. 

  Sagwaman an meogeo.

  Apples are the only thing they don't eat.

• 사과만 먹지 않아. 

  Sagwaman meokji ana.

  They don't only eat apples [but they eat other things too].

In the first case, only the verb 먹다 (meokda, “to eat”) is negated. In the latter, the entire clause 사과만 먹다 (sagwaman meokda, “to eat only apples”) is negated.

Etymology 4

Sino-Korean word from 安

Noun

안 • (an) (hanja 安)

1. peace

Derived terms

• 공안 (公安, gong-an)
• 안강 (安康, an-gang)
• 안녕 (安寧, annyeong)
• 안심 (安心, ansim)
• 안전 (安全, anjeon)
• 안정 (安定, anjeong)
• 안정 (安靜, anjeong)

 

Etymology 5

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

Syllable

안 (an)

1. 案:

   (MC reading: 案 (MC ʔɑn^H))

2. 顔:

   (MC reading: 顔)

3. 眼:

   (MC reading: 眼 (MC ŋˠɛn^X))

4. 岸:

   (MC reading: 岸 (MC ŋɑn^H))

5. 雁:

   (MC reading: 雁 (MC ŋˠan^H))

6. 晏:

   (MC reading: 晏 (MC ʔɑn^H, ʔˠan^H))

7. 按:

   (MC reading: 按 (MC ʔɑn^H))

8. 鞍:

   (MC reading: 鞍)

9. 鮟:

   (MC reading: 鮟)

10. 𤎝:

    (MC reading: 𤎝)

11. 姲:

    (MC reading: 姲)

12. 婩:

    (MC reading: 婩)

13. 矸:

    (MC reading: 矸 (MC kɑn^X, ɦɑn^H, kɑn^H))

14. 侒:

    (MC reading: 侒 (MC ʔɑn))

15. 䭓:

    (MC reading: 䭓 (MC ŋən^H))

16. 犴:

    (MC reading: 犴 (MC ŋɑn, ŋɑn^H))

17. 鴈: Alternative form of 雁

    (MC reading: 鴈 (MC ŋˠan^H))

18. 桉: Alternative form of 案

    (MC reading: 桉)

References

• Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin-guk daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, inmyeong-yonghanjapyo). [1]