𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *framaþjaną. By surface analysis, 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃 (framaþeis) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈframaθjan/

Verb

𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (framaþjan)

1. to alienate
   • Colossians 1:21:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌼𐌻𐌴 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌲𐌳𐌰𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌼 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼, 𐌹𐌸 𐌽𐌿 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌹

     jah izwis simlē wisandans framaþidans jah fijands gahugdai in waurstwam ubilaim, iþ nu gafriþōdai

     And you, that were sometime alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now hath he reconciled (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 framaþjan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰 framaþja	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰 framaþida	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 framaþjada
2nd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌹𐍃 framaþjis	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 framaþidēs	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 framaþjaza
3rd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌹𐌸 framaþjiþ	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰 framaþida	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 framaþjada
1st dual	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐍉𐍃 framaþjōs	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 framaþidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 framaþjats	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 framaþidēduts	—
1st plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌼 framaþjam	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 framaþidēdum	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 framaþjanda
2nd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌹𐌸 framaþjiþ	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 framaþidēduþ	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 framaþjanda
3rd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 framaþjand	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 framaþidēdun	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 framaþjanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌿 framaþjau	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 framaþidēdjau	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 framaþjaidau
2nd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 framaþjais	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 framaþidēdeis	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 framaþjaizau
3rd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹 framaþjai	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 framaþidēdi	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 framaþjaidau
1st dual	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 framaþjaiwa	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 framaþidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 framaþjaits	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 framaþidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 framaþjaima	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 framaþidēdeima	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 framaþjaindau
2nd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 framaþjaiþ	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 framaþidēdeiþ	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 framaþjaindau
3rd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 framaþjaina	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 framaþidēdeina	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 framaþjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌴𐌹 framaþei
3rd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 framaþjadau
2nd dual	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 framaþjats
2nd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌹𐌸 framaþjiþ
3rd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 framaþjandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 framaþjands	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌸𐍃 framaþiþs

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 37