-енье
Russian edit
Alternative forms edit
- -ение (-enije)
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-е́нье or -енье • (-énʹje or -enʹje)
- Alternative form of -ение (-enije): -tion, -ence, -ance, -ity, etc. (suffix used to form abstract nouns from verbs; added especially to verbs ending in -еть (-etʹ), -ить (-itʹ), and certain other endings, but not -ать (-atʹ))
- жа́рить (žáritʹ, “to roast, to fry”) + -енье (-enʹje) → жа́ренье (žárenʹje, “roasting, frying”)
- прости́ть (prostítʹ, “to forgive, to pardon”) + -е́нье (-énʹje) → проще́нье (proščénʹje, “forgiveness, pardon”)
- умили́ть (umilítʹ, “to touch, to move (emotionally)”) + -е́нье (-énʹje) → умиле́нье (umilénʹje, “touching, moving (emotionally; obsolete or poetic)”)
- сиде́ть (sidétʹ, “to sit”) + -е́нье (-énʹje) → сиде́нье (sidénʹje, “seat”)
- вари́ть (varítʹ, “to boil”) + -е́нье (-énʹje) → варе́нье (varénʹje, “jam, varenye; boiling”)
Usage notes edit
- This suffix is an alternative form of -ение (-enije). Originally, the two suffixes were equivalent, and both variants existed for most words, but nowadays only certain verbs can form nouns in -енье (-enʹje), and these nouns often have an obsolete, poetic or sometimes colloquial flavor.
- The properties of this suffix are as for -ение (-enije); for example, the stress is usually drawn onto the suffix (but note жа́рить (žáritʹ, “to roast, to fry”) → жа́ренье (žárenʹje, “roasting, frying”)), and the suffix is usually only added to classes of verbs whose past passive participle is formed with the ending -енный (-ennyj) or -ённый (-jónnyj).
Declension edit
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -е́нье, -енье -énʹje, -enʹje |
-е́нья, -енья -énʹja, -enʹja |
| genitive | -е́нья, -енья -énʹja, -enʹja |
-е́ний, -ений -énij, -enij |
| dative | -е́нью, -енью -énʹju, -enʹju |
-е́ньям, -еньям -énʹjam, -enʹjam |
| accusative | -е́нье, -енье -énʹje, -enʹje |
-е́нья, -енья -énʹja, -enʹja |
| instrumental | -е́ньем, -еньем -énʹjem, -enʹjem |
-е́ньями, -еньями -énʹjami, -enʹjami |
| prepositional | -е́нье, -енье -énʹje, -enʹje |
-е́ньях, -еньях -énʹjax, -enʹjax |