-овка
Russian edit
Etymology edit
Originally from -ка (-ka) added to adjectives ending in -овый (-ovyj) or -ово́й (-ovój); later extracted out as its own suffix.
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-о́вка or -овка • (-óvka or -ovka)
- suffix appended to nouns to form related nouns of various sorts, both animate and inanimate, generally referring to more specific objects than the base lemma
- коне́ц (konéc, “end”) (stem конц- (konc-)) + -о́вка (-óvka) → концо́вка (koncóvka, “ending (of a story)”)
- ве́тер (véter, “wind”) (stem ветр- (vetr-)) + -о́вка (-óvka) → ветро́вка (vetróvka, “windbreaker”) (ветрово́й (vetrovój) also exists)
- кросс (kross, “cross country running”) + -о́вка (-óvka) → кроссо́вка (krossóvka, “sneaker, athletic shoe”)
- лист (list, “leaf, sheet of paper”) + -о́вка (-óvka) → листо́вка (listóvka, “leaflet, flyer”) (листово́й (listovój) also exists)
- нож (nož, “knife”) + -о́вка (-óvka) → ножо́вка (nožóvka, “handsaw”)
- оре́х (oréx, “nut”) + -овка (-ovka) → оре́ховка (oréxovka, “nutcracker, nuthatch (bird)”) (оре́ховый (oréxovyj) also exists)
- suffix appended to nouns referring to males, to form the corresponding noun referring to females
Usage notes edit
- When added to reducible nouns, the noun assumes its reduced form before the suffix (cf. концо́вка (koncóvka), ветро́вка (vetróvka) above).
Declension edit
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -о́вка, -овка -óvka, -ovka |
-о́вки, -овки -óvki, -ovki |
| genitive | -о́вки, -овки -óvki, -ovki |
-о́вок, -овок -óvok, -ovok |
| dative | -о́вке, -овке -óvke, -ovke |
-о́вкам, -овкам -óvkam, -ovkam |
| accusative animate inanimate |
-о́вку, -овку -óvku, -ovku |
-о́вок, -овок -óvok, -ovok |
| -о́вки, -овки -óvki, -ovki | ||
| instrumental | -о́вкой, -о́вкою, -овкой, -овкою -óvkoj, -óvkoju, -ovkoj, -ovkoju |
-о́вками, -овками -óvkami, -ovkami |
| prepositional | -о́вке, -овке -óvke, -ovke |
-о́вках, -овках -óvkax, -ovkax |
Derived terms edit
Serbo-Croatian edit
Suffix edit
-овка (Latin spelling -ovka)
- Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name.