-eta
Basque
editSuffix
edit-eta
Derived terms
editCatalan
editPronunciation
editSuffix
edit-eta f
Derived terms
editFinnish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *-t'ak (stem *-në-), from Proto-Uralic *-me-. Related to Estonian -nema, -neda and Veps -eta. The stem has been reworked considerably in some forms; see the Proto-Finnic entry for more details.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-eta (front vowel harmony variant -etä, stem -ne- or -ene-, linguistic notation -ne- or -ene- or -etA)
- Forms translative verbs from adjectives, meaning "to become (adjective)" or "to become more (adjective)".
Usage notes
edit- The derived verbs belong to the conjugation type vanheta (72).
- This ending normally replaces the stem-final vowel(s) of the base adjective, though some adjectives ending in -o show an allomorph -ta (e.g. isota).
Inflection
editInflection of -eta (Kotus type 72/vanheta, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | -enen | en -ene | 1st sing. | olen -ennut | en ole -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | -enet | et -ene | 2nd sing. | olet -ennut | et ole -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | -enee | ei -ene | 3rd sing. | on -ennut | ei ole -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | -enemme | emme -ene | 1st plur. | olemme -enneet | emme ole -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | -enette | ette -ene | 2nd plur. | olette -enneet | ette ole -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | -enevat | eivät -ene | 3rd plur. | ovat -enneet | eivät ole -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | -etaan | ei -eta | passive | on -ettu | ei ole -ettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | -enin | en -ennut | 1st sing. | olin -ennut | en ollut -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | -enit | et -ennut | 2nd sing. | olit -ennut | et ollut -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | -eni | ei -ennut | 3rd sing. | oli -ennut | ei ollut -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | -enimme | emme -enneet | 1st plur. | olimme -enneet | emme olleet -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | -enitte | ette -enneet | 2nd plur. | olitte -enneet | ette olleet -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | -enivat | eivät -enneet | 3rd plur. | olivat -enneet | eivät olleet -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | -ettiin | ei -ettu | passive | oli -ettu | ei ollut -ettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | -enisin | en -enisi | 1st sing. | olisin -ennut | en olisi -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | -enisit | et -enisi | 2nd sing. | olisit -ennut | et olisi -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | -enisi | ei -enisi | 3rd sing. | olisi -ennut | ei olisi -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | -enisimme | emme -enisi | 1st plur. | olisimme -enneet | emme olisi -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | -enisitte | ette -enisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte -enneet | ette olisi -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | -enisivat | eivät -enisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat -enneet | eivät olisi -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | -ettaisiin | ei -ettaisi | passive | olisi -ettu | ei olisi -ettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | -ene | älä -ene | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | -etkoon | älköön -etko | 3rd sing. | olkoon -ennut | älköön olko -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | -etkaamme | älkäämme -etko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | -etkaa | älkää -etko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | -etkoot | älkööt -etko | 3rd plur. | olkoot -enneet | älkööt olko -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | -ettakoon | älköön -ettako | passive | olkoon -ettu | älköön olko -ettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | -ennen | en -enne | 1st sing. | lienen -ennut | en liene -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | -ennet | et -enne | 2nd sing. | lienet -ennut | et liene -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | -ennee | ei -enne | 3rd sing. | lienee -ennut | ei liene -ennut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | -ennemme | emme -enne | 1st plur. | lienemme -enneet | emme liene -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | -ennette | ette -enne | 2nd plur. | lienette -enneet | ette liene -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | -ennevat | eivät -enne | 3rd plur. | lienevät -enneet | eivät liene -enneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | -ettaneen | ei -ettane | passive | lienee -ettu | ei liene -ettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | -eta | present | -eneva | -ettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | -ennut | -ettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | -etessa | -ettaessa | agent4 | -enema | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | -enematon | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | -eten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | -enemassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | -enemasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | -enemaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | -enemalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | -enematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | -eneman | -ettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | -eneminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Note that gradation may apply.
Derived terms
editAnagrams
editIngrian
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Finnic *-t'ak. Cognates include Finnish -eta and Estonian -neda.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-eta (front vowel variant -etä)
- Used to form inchoative verbs.
Conjugation
editConjugation of -eta (type 15/valeta, no gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -enen | en -ene | 1st singular | oon -ent, oon -ennut | en oo -ent, en oo -ennut |
2nd singular | -enet | et -ene | 2nd singular | oot -ent, oot -ennut | et oo -ent, et oo -ennut |
3rd singular | -enoo | ei -ene | 3rd singular | ono -ent, ono -ennut | ei oo -ent, ei oo -ennut |
1st plural | -enemma | emmä -ene | 1st plural | oomma -enneet | emmä oo -enneet |
2nd plural | -enetta | että -ene | 2nd plural | ootta -enneet | että oo -enneet |
3rd plural | -enoot1), -enevat2), -etaa | evät -ene, ei -eta | 3rd plural | ovat -enneet | evät oo -enneet, ei oo -ettu |
impersonal | -etaa | ei -eta | impersonal | ono -ettu | ei oo -ettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -enin | en -ent, en -ennut | 1st singular | olin -ent, olin -ennut | en olt -ent, en olt -ennut |
2nd singular | -enit | et -ent, et -ennut | 2nd singular | olit -ent, olit -ennut | et olt -ent, et olt -ennut |
3rd singular | -eni | ei -ent, ei -ennut | 3rd singular | oli -ent, oli -ennut | ei olt -ent, ei olt -ennut |
1st plural | -enimma | emmä -enneet | 1st plural | olimma -enneet | emmä olleet -enneet |
2nd plural | -enitta | että -enneet | 2nd plural | olitta -enneet | että olleet -enneet |
3rd plural | -eniit1), -enivat2), -ettii | evät -enneet, ei -ettu | 3rd plural | olivat -enneet | evät olleet -enneet, ei olt -ettu |
impersonal | -ettii | ei -ettu | impersonal | oli -ettu | ei olt -ettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | -enisin | en -enis | 1st singular | olisin -ent, olisin -ennut | en olis -ent, en olis -ennut |
2nd singular | -enisit, -eniist1) | et -enis | 2nd singular | olisit -ent, olisit -ennut | et olis -ent, et olis -ennut |
3rd singular | -enis | ei -enis | 3rd singular | olis -ent, olis -ennut | ei olis -ent, ei olis -ennut |
1st plural | -enisimma | emmä -enis | 1st plural | olisimma -enneet | emmä olis -enneet |
2nd plural | -enisitta | että -enis | 2nd plural | olisitta -enneet | että olis -enneet |
3rd plural | -enisiit1), -enisivat2), -ettais | evät -enis, ei -ettais | 3rd plural | olisivat -enneet | evät olis -enneet, ei olis -ettu |
impersonal | -ettais | ei -ettais | impersonal | olis -ettu | ei olis -ettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | -ene | elä -ene | 2nd singular | oo -ent, oo -ennut | elä oo -ent, elä oo -ennut |
3rd singular | -etkoo | elköö -etko | 3rd singular | olkoo -ent, olkoo -ennut | elköö olko -ent, elköö olko -ennut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | -etkaa | elkää -etko | 2nd plural | olkaa -enneet | elkää olko -enneet |
3rd plural | -etkoot | elkööt -etko, elköö -ettako | 3rd plural | olkoot -enneet | elkööt olko -enneet, elköö olko -ettu |
impersonal | -ettakkoo | elköö -ettako | impersonal | olkoo -ettu | elköö olko -ettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | -enen | en -ene | |||
2nd singular | -enet | et -ene | |||
3rd singular | -enoo | ei -ene | |||
1st plural | -enemma | emmä -ene | |||
2nd plural | -enetta | että -ene | |||
3rd plural | -enoot | evät -ene, ei -ettane | |||
impersonal | -ettannoo | ei -ettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | -eta | present | -eneva | -ettava | |
2nd | inessive | -etees | past | -ent, -ennut | -ettu |
instructive | -eten | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-etkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | -enommaa | |||
inessive | -enomas | ||||
elative | -enomast | ||||
abessive | -enomata | ||||
4th | nominative | -enomiin | |||
partitive | -enomista, -enomist |
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-eta
Italian
editEtymology
editFrom Latin -ēta, plural of -ētum. Compare -eto.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-eta f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ete)
Derived terms
editAnagrams
editLatin
editSuffix
edit-ēta
Portuguese
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editIn some words from Italian -etta and in others from French -ette. Both come from Latin -itta. Doublet of -ita and -ete.
Pronunciation
edit
Suffix
edit-eta f
- forms the diminutive of feminine nouns, often as an adaptation of French loanwords ending in -ette
Suffix
edit-eta m or f
- person missing a body part, especially if they have only one part of a pair, such as only one hand or one foot
Derived terms
editSpanish
editEtymology
editBorrowed from French -ette and Italian -etta. Doublet of -ita and -eta.
Suffix
edit-eta f (noun-forming suffix, plural -etas)
- Alternative form of -ete; added to nouns and adjectives that often adds a diminutive or particularizing sense to the base
Usage notes
edit- Used especially after feminine nouns. Compare -ete.
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “-ete”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
Veps
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Finnic *-t'ak. Related to Finnish -eta.
Suffix
edit-eta
- Forms intransitive verbs from adjectives, indicating "to become".
Inflection
editInflection of -eta (inflection type 28/edeta) | |||
---|---|---|---|
1st infinitive | -eta | ||
present indic. | -eneb | ||
past indic. | -eni | ||
present indicative |
past indicative |
imperative | |
1st singular | -enen | -enin | — |
2nd singular | -ened | -enid | -ene |
3rd singular | -eneb | -eni | -ekaha |
1st plural | -enem | -enim | -ekam |
2nd plural | -enet | -enit | -ekat |
3rd plural | -etas -eneba |
-eniba | -ekaha |
sing. conneg.1 | -ene | -enend | -ene |
plur. conneg. | -ekoi | -enugoi | -ekoi |
present conditional |
past conditional |
potential | |
1st singular | -enižin | -enuižin | -enenen |
2nd singular | -enižid | -enuižid | -enened |
3rd singular | -eniži | -enuiži | -eneneb |
1st plural | -enižim | -enuižim | -enenem |
2nd plural | -enižit | -enuižit | -enenet |
3rd plural | -enižiba | -enuižiba | -eneneba |
connegative | -eniži | -enuiži | -enene |
non-finite forms | |||
1st infinitive | -eta | ||
2nd infinitive | 3rd infinitive | ||
inessive | -etes | inessive | -enemas |
instructive | -eten | illative | -enemaha |
participles | elative | -enemaspäi | |
present active | -enii | adessive | -enemal |
past active | -enu | abessive | -enemat |
past passive | -etud | ||
1 In imperative: used only in the second-person singular. The plural form is used with other persons. |
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editFrom Proto-Finnic *-ntadak. Related to Finnish -(e)ntaa.
Suffix
edit-eta
- Forms transitive verbs from adjectives, indicating "to make" or "to cause to become".
Inflection
editInflection of -eta (inflection type 29/koheta) | |||
---|---|---|---|
1st infinitive | -eta | ||
present indic. | -endab | ||
past indic. | -enzi | ||
present indicative |
past indicative |
imperative | |
1st singular | -endan | -enzin | — |
2nd singular | -endad | -enzid | -enda |
3rd singular | -endab | -enzi | -ekaha |
1st plural | -endam | -enzim | -ekam |
2nd plural | -endat | -enzit | -ekat |
3rd plural | -etas -endaba |
-enziba | -ekaha |
sing. conneg.1 | -enda | -endand | -enda |
plur. conneg. | -ekoi | -enugoi | -ekoi |
present conditional |
past conditional |
potential | |
1st singular | -endaižin | -enuižin | -endanen |
2nd singular | -endaižid | -enuižid | -endaned |
3rd singular | -endaiži | -enuiži | -endaneb |
1st plural | -endaižim | -enuižim | -endanem |
2nd plural | -endaižit | -enuižit | -endanet |
3rd plural | -endaižiba | -enuižiba | -endaneba |
connegative | -endaiži | -enuiži | -endane |
non-finite forms | |||
1st infinitive | -eta | ||
2nd infinitive | 3rd infinitive | ||
inessive | -etes | inessive | -endamas |
instructive | -eten | illative | -endamaha |
participles | elative | -endamaspäi | |
present active | -endai | adessive | -endamal |
past active | -enu | abessive | -endamat |
past passive | -etud | ||
1 In imperative: used only in the second-person singular. The plural form is used with other persons. |
Derived terms
edit- Basque lemmas
- Basque suffixes
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan suffixes
- Catalan feminine suffixes
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish suffixes
- Finnish verb-forming suffixes
- Finnish vanheta-type verbs
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian suffixes
- Ingrian non-lemma forms
- Ingrian suffix forms
- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/eta
- Rhymes:Italian/eta/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian suffixes
- Italian noun-forming suffixes
- Italian countable suffixes
- Italian feminine suffixes
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin suffix forms
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Italian
- Portuguese terms derived from Italian
- Portuguese terms borrowed from French
- Portuguese terms derived from French
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese doublets
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese suffixes
- Portuguese feminine suffixes
- Portuguese noun-forming suffixes
- Portuguese masculine suffixes
- Portuguese suffixes with multiple genders
- Spanish terms borrowed from French
- Spanish terms derived from French
- Spanish terms borrowed from Italian
- Spanish terms derived from Italian
- Spanish doublets
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish suffixes
- Spanish noun-forming suffixes
- Spanish countable suffixes
- Spanish feminine suffixes
- Spanish diminutive suffixes
- Veps terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Veps terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Veps lemmas
- Veps suffixes
- Veps edeta-type verbs
- Veps koheta-type verbs