AD

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ad"

Contents

Translingual

Symbol

AD

1. The ISO 3166-1 two-letter (alpha-2) code for Andorra.

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English

Alternative forms

• A.D.
• (anno Domini) A. D.

Pronunciation

• audio (US)

  (file)

Adverb

AD

1. Latin anno Domini, in the year of the Lord or in the year of our Lord, used to specify numbered years counting from the once estimated birth of Christ in year 1. Usually placed before years (but see notes), and always placed after centuries. Often written in small caps. This year is AD 2019.

   1 Jan. AD 250.

   From the 2nd century BC to the 3rd century AD.

Usage notes

• The Chicago Manual of Style as well as most house styles requires placing the AD before the number of the year and BC after, although in casual use either abbreviation can be found in either place.
• Some use CE, for "Common Era", which is more secular in nature, to avoid potential Christian bias.
• "AD" is not normally used in expressions like "in the year AD 1990", since in such a year it is taken for granted (and it is also redundant, literally meaning "in the year in the year of our Lord 1990"). In "Vesuvius erupted in AD 79", it is expected.

Synonyms

• (anno Domini): AC, A.C. (anno Christi); anno Domini, Anno Domini, CE, Christian Era, in the year of our Lord

Antonyms

• (anno Domini): AC, A.C. (ante Christum); b.c., BC, B.C. (before Christ); BCE

Translations

anno Domini

• Arabic: please add this translation if you can
• Bulgarian: сл. Xp. (sl. Xp.) (след Xpиста)
• Catalan: dC (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 公元 (zh) (gōngyuán)

• Czech: po Kr. (cs) (po Kristu), AD
• Danish: e.Kr. (efter Kristus)
• Dutch: n. Chr (na Christus)
• Esperanto: p.K. (eo) (post Kristo)
• Finnish: jKr. (fi) (jälkeen Kristuksen)
• French: ap. J.-C. (fr), apr. J.-C. (fr) (après Jésus-Christ); en l'an de grâce (archaic)
• Georgian: ახ. წ. (ax. c̣.), ჩვ. წ. (ka) (čv. c̣.)
• German: n. Chr. (de) (nach Christus, nach Christo); n. Chr. Geb., n. Chr. G. (nach Christi Geburt)
• Greek: μ.Χ. (el) (m.Ch.) (metá Christón)
• Hungarian: Kr. u. (hu) (Krisztus után)
• Indonesian: Masehi (id)
• Italian: d.C. (dopo Cristo)

• Japanese: 西暦 (ja) (seireki), 紀元 (ja) (kigen)
• Khmer: គ.ស. (km) (kɔɔ sɑɑ), គ្រិស្តសករាជ​ (krɨh sa’kraac)
• Korean: please add this translation if you can
• Latin: A. C., AC (la) (anno Christi); A. D., AD (la) (anno Domini); p. Chr. n. (la), p. Chr. (la) (post Christum [natum])
• Lithuanian: po Kr. (po Kristaus)
• Malay: M (Masihi)
• Navajo: Doodaatsaahii biʼdizhchį́į́ dóó bikʼijįʼ
• Polish: po Chr. (pl) (po Chrystusie); p.n.Chr. (po narodzeniu Chrystusa)
• Portuguese: DC, d.C. (pt) (depois de Cristo)
• Romanian: d.Hr. (după Hristos)
• Russian: по́сле Р. Хр. (pósle R. Xr.); н. э. (n. e.)
• Slovak: po Kr. (po Kristovi)
• Spanish: d.C. (después de Cristo)
• Swedish: e.Kr. (sv) (efter Kristus)
• Tagalog: M.K. (Mula kay Kristo)
• Thai: ค.ศ. (th) (kɔɔ.sɔ̌ɔ.)

Noun

AD (plural ADs)

1. Assitant director.
2. (military) Air defence or air defense.
3. Antidepressant.
4. (US, Navy) Auxiliary destroyer - a naval tender, a destroyer tender that tends to destroyers.
5. (uncountable) Alzheimer's disease.
   • 2015 — Larochelle, Stéphane (December 2015). "STOMPing at the bits". Nature Methods 12 (12): 1114. doi:10.1038/nmeth.3679. Retrieved 19 February 2016.

     Many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), involve pathological protein deposits.

6. (aviation) Initialism of airworthiness directive.

Coordinate terms

• (destroyer tender): AS

Proper noun

AD

1. Abu Dhabi

Anagrams

• D. A., D.A., DA, Da, da

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Italian

Noun

AD m, f (plural ?)

1. Initialism of amministratore delegato (“CEO”).

Anagrams

• da, da', dà

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Swedish

Proper noun

AD c (genitive AD:s)

1. Abbreviation of Arbetsdomstolen (“Labour Court”). (the Swedish Labour Court)

Noun

AD ?

1. a combination of vitamin A and D, given to children (in 2008 replaced by only vitamin D)
2. Initialism of art director.
3. (soccer) Initialism of assisterande domare (“assistant referee”).

See also

• AD-droppar