Appendix:Proto-Balto-Slavic declension
Olander 2009 edit
From Olander 2009: 153 (with stripped accent marks, and y=i̯ w=u̯):
| case | o-stem | ā-stem | i-stem | u-stem |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | ||||
| nominative | *lāngas / *śimtan | *gālwā | *mintis | *sōdus |
| accusative | *lāngan / *śimtan | *gālwān | *mintin | *sōdun |
| genitive | *lāngā | *gālwās | *minteys | *sōdaws |
| dative | *lāngōy | *gālwāy | *mintey | *sōdawey |
| instrumental | *lāngō | *gālwān | *mintimi | *sōdumi |
| locative | *lāngāy | *gālwāy | *mintēy | *sōdāw |
| dual | ||||
| nominative-accusative | *lāngō / *śimtāy | *gālwāy | *mintī | *sōdū |
| plural | ||||
| nominative | *lāngay / *śimtā | *gālwās | *minteyes | *sōdawes |
| accusative | *lāngans / *śimtā | *gālwāns | *mintins | *sōduns |
| genitive | *lāngōn | *gālwōn | *minteyan | *sōdawan |
| dative | *lāngamas | *gālwāmas | *mintimas | *sōdumas |
| instrumental | *lāngōys | *gālwāmīs | *mintimīs | *sōdumīs |
| locative | *lāngaysu | *gālwāsu | *mintisu | *sōdusu |
Additional forms:
- ī‑stem nom. sg. *sāldī
- ūs‑stem nom. sg. *sweśrūs
- r-stem nom. sg. *duktē
- n-stem nom. sg. *ārmō
Kim 2002 edit
From Kim 2002:177 (with stripped accent marks, and with macrons instead of the colon, i.e. a: = ā).
| case | o-stem | ā-stem | i-stem | u-stem | cons.-stem |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||||
| nominative | -as / -an | -ā | -is | -us | -ō, -ē |
| genitive | -ā | -ās | -eis or -ais | -eus or -aus | -es |
| dative | -ōi | -āi | -ei? | -ewei | -ei |
| accusative | -an | -ān | -in | -un | -in |
| instrumental | -ō | -āmi | -imi | -umi | -mi |
| locative | -ai | -āi | -ei | -eu | -i??? |
| vocative | -e / -an | -a | -ei | -eu or -au | -Ø |
| plural | |||||
| nominative | -ai / -ā | -ās | -eyes, -is | -awes | -es |
| genitive | -ōn | -āōn | -eyōn | -ewōn | -ōn |
| dative | -amas | -āmas | -imas | -umas | -mas |
| accusative | -ōs | -ās | -īs | -ūs | -īs |
| instrumental | -ais | -āmins | -imins | -umins | -mins |
| locative | -aisu | -āsu | -isu | -usu | -su |
Wiktionary edit
References edit
- Thomas Olander, Balto-Slavic accentual mobility, 2009, Mouton de Gruyter: Berlin-New York
- Ronald Kim, Topics in the reconstruction and development of Indo-European accent, 2002