Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱley-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European edit

Etymology 1 edit

Reanalysed root of *ḱléyti, from *ḱel- (“to cover”) +‎ *-éyti (*éy-present suffix).

Root edit

*ḱley-

to shelter, cover

Derived terms edit

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱley- (cover)‎ (11 c, 0 e)

*ḱléy-tis ~ *ḱli-téys
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  - Lithuanian: šlitìs (“shove-shed”)
*ḱléy-treh₂
*ḱloyw-ó-s
- Proto-Germanic: *hlaiwaz (“shelter”) (see there for further descendants)
*ḱli-tó-m
- Proto-Germanic: *hlidą
*ḱli-tó-s (“covered, sheltered”)

Etymology 2 edit

Reanalysed root of *ḱléyti, from *ḱel- (“to incline”) +‎ *-éyti (*éy-present suffix).^[1]^[2]

Root edit

*ḱley-^[1]^[3]^[4]

to lean, slope, incline

Derived terms edit

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱley- (incline)‎ (17 c, 0 e)

*ḱléy-e-ti (“to lean”, thematic root present)^[3]^[2]
*ḱl̥-né-y-ti ~ *ḱl̥-n-y-énti (nasal-infix present)
*ḱli-néw-ti ~ *ḱli-nw-énti (new-present)^[2]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćrináwti (“to lean”)
  - Proto-Iranian: *crináwtī
    - Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬌𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬌 (nisrinaomi, “to lean”, 1sg.pres.)
*ḱe-ḱlóy-e ~ *ḱe-ḱli-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)^[3]
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: κέκλιται (kéklitai)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćićrā́ya
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śiśrā́ya
    - Sanskrit: शिश्राय (śiśrā́ya)
*ḱléy-mn̥
- Proto-Hellenic: *klímə
  - Ancient Greek: κλίμα (klíma, “slope, inclination; clime”) (see there for further descendants)
*ḱléy-o-s
- Proto-Celtic: *kliyos (“left side”)^[5] (see there for further descendants)
*ḱley-téh₂^[1]^[6]
*ḱley-wó-s (“sloped”)^[7]
*ḱli-tós (“leaning, sloped”)
*ḱlóy-dʰro-m
- Proto-Germanic: *hlaidrijō (“ladder”) (see there for further descendants)
*ḱlóy-neh₂
- Proto-Albanian: *klaina
  - Albanian: qye (“peak, summit”)
*ḱloy-w-ó-m^[8]^[7]
- Proto-Germanic: *hlaiwą (“hill, burial mound”) (see there for further descendants)
*ḱleyn-
- Proto-Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: լինիմ (linim, “to be”) (perhaps)
    - Armenian: լինել (linel)

Unsorted formations

Proto-Armenian:
- Old Armenian: լեառն (leaṙn, “mountain”)
  - Armenian: լեռ (leṙ)
Proto-Italic:
- Latin: clēmēns (see there for further descendants)

References edit

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Kroonen
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*ḱlei̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 332
^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 54: “*ḱley- 'lean, slope'”
^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “klēyo-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 207
^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “klētā”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 207: “*ḱley-t-”
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “*clīvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 122: “*ḱloi-uo- 'slope, hill' or *ḱlei-u̯o- 'sloping'”
^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 54: “*ḱloy-wo- 'slope, rise'”

[IEW-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag

[Kroonen-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Kroonen

[LIV-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*ḱlei̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 332

[4] Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 54: “*ḱley- 'lean, slope'”

[5] Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “klēyo-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 207

[6] Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “klētā”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 207: “*ḱley-t-”

[De_Vaan_2-7] 7.0 ^7.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “*clīvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 122: “*ḱloi-uo- 'slope, hill' or *ḱlei-u̯o- 'sloping'”

[8] Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 54: “*ḱloy-wo- 'slope, rise'”

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