Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éngʷʰis

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction

Aspiration of the final consonant of the stem is guaranteed by Old Irish and Armenian forms.

Noun

*h₂éngʷʰis m

1. snake

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*h₂éngʷʰis
genitive	*h₂n̥gʷʰéys
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*h₂éngʷʰis	*h₂éngʷʰih₁(e)	*h₂éngʷʰeyes
vocative	*h₂éngʷʰi	*h₂éngʷʰih₁(e)	*h₂éngʷʰeyes
accusative	*h₂éngʷʰim	*h₂éngʷʰih₁(e)	*h₂éngʷʰims
genitive	*h₂n̥gʷʰéys	*?	*h₂n̥gʷʰéyoHom
ablative	*h₂n̥gʷʰéys	*?	*h₂n̥gʷʰímos
dative	*h₂n̥gʷʰéyey	*?	*h₂n̥gʷʰímos
locative	*h₂n̥gʷʰéy, *h₂n̥gʷʰḗy	*?	*h₂n̥gʷʰísu
instrumental	*h₂n̥gʷʰíh₁	*?	*h₂n̥gʷʰímis

Synonyms

• *h₁ógʷʰis
• *(s)néHtr̥

Descendants

• Proto-Albanian: *ts-angulā
  • Albanian: thnegël (“ant”)
• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: աւձ (awj)
    • Armenian: օձ (ōj)
  • (possibly) Armenian: անգի (angi, “thin, emaciated”)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ángis (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Celtic:
  • Old Irish: escong (“eel”)
    • Irish: eascann
    • Manx: astan
    • Scottish Gaelic: easgann
  • Welsh: llysywen
• Proto-Italic:
  • Latin: anguis
• Proto-Germanic: *unkwiz or *unkwô (< *h₂n̥gʷʰ-)
  • Old High German: unc
    • German: Unke
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hánǰʰiš
  • Proto-Iranian: *Hánǰiš
    • Persian: یغنیج (yağnij, “grass snake”) (archaic)

References

• Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 530