Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/borzda
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic edit
Etymology edit
The Slavic term is comparable with Lithuanian bir̃žė (“furrow”),[1] biržis and Latvian bìrze (“furrow”). Outside of Balto-Slavic, the etymon exhibit semantic parallels with Sanskrit भृष्टि (bhṛṣṭi, “point, top”) and Proto-Germanic *brazdaz (“edge, brim”).[2] These parallels point towards an ultimate origin from Proto-Indo-European *bʰers- (“to point, to mark”). More precisely, the Slavic etymon could be derived from *bʰers- + *-dʰeh₂. This reconstruction, however, can only account for the Slavic lemma. The Baltic data descends from another suffix.[3]
The above derivation finds parallels in Proto-Slavic *bьrdo (“weaving comb, reed”) and Proto-Slavic *bordy (“axe”), which perhaps were derived in a similar manner from *bʰerHdʰ-, ultimately from *bʰerh₃- (“to strike, to pierce”) + *-dʰ- (“resultative marker”).
Noun edit
Inflection edit
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *bōrzdà | *bõrzdě | *bōrzdỳ |
| genitive | *bōrzdỳ | *bōrzdù | *bõrzdъ |
| dative | *bōrzdě̀ | *bōrzdàma | *bōrzdàmъ |
| accusative | *bōrzdǫ̀ | *bõrzdě | *bōrzdỳ |
| instrumental | *bōrzdòjǫ, *bõrzdǫ** | *bōrzdàma | *bōrzdàmī |
| locative | *bōrzdě̀ | *bōrzdù | *bōrzdàsъ, *bōrzdàxъ* |
| vocative | *borzdo | *bõrzdě | *bōrzdỳ |
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- → Russian: бразда́ (brazdá) (archaic, poetic)
- Bulgarian: бразда́ (brazdá)
- Macedonian: бразда (brazda)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: brázda (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading edit
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*borzda”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 220
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “борозда”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Skok, Petar (1971) “Proto-Slavic/borzda”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page 203
- Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1974), “*borzda”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 1 (a – bьzděti), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 333
References edit
- ^ “biržė”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 74
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “biržė”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 91
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*borzdà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 59: “f. ā (b) ‘furrow’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “borzda”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b fure (PR 135)”