Appendix:Proto-Totonacan reconstructions

Proto-Totonacan (Proto-Totonac-Tepehua) reconstructions:

MacKay & Trechsel (2018)

no.	gloss	Proto-Totonac-Tepehua
1	spicy	*ɬkaka
2	ash(es)	*ɬk’ak’a
3	dances	*ƛ’ii-ya
4	vomits	*p’aƛ’an-ya
5	ear of corn	*ƛ’aqƛ’a
6	counts	*puuƛ’aq’i-ya
7	walks	*ƛ’aawan-ya
8	pot, pitcher	*ƛ’amank
9	bends, breaks, twists	*taƛ’aq’i-ya
10	ripe, mature	*k’aƛa’
11	wins, earns	*ƛaha-ya
12	tires, gets tired	*ƛaqwan-ya
13	talks to X, greets X	šaqaƛii-ya
14	makes, does	*ƛawa-ya
15	avocado tree	*kukaƛiiɬi
16	nettle	*qahni
17	lime (mineral)	*qaštah
18	dust, powder	*puqšni
19	flea	*aq¢’iis
20	wasp	*qalaati
21	turtle	*qahin
22	knee	*¢uqutni
23	tomato	*paqɬča
24	plays	qamaanan-ya
25	whistles	*squli-ya
26	infant, baby	*sq’at’a
27	heron	*luuq’u
28	tongue	*siimaq’aati
29	egg	*q’aɬwaati
30	yucca	*q’ušq’ihu
31	gourd	*q’aaši
32	washes X	*č’aq’aa-ya
33	salty	*sq’uq’u
34	steals, steals X	*q’aɬa-
35	remembers, remembers X	*paastak’-ya
36	piles X up	*maast’uq’-ya
37	drinks, drinks X	*q’ut’-ya
38	hears, hears X	*qašmat’-ya
39	returns	*tasp’it’-ya
40	cuts X	*sit’-ya
41	squeezes X	*č’it’-ya
42	unties X	*škut’-ya
43	picks X up	*sak’-ya
44	writes, writes X	*¢’uq’-ya
45	foam	*puputi
46	neck-related (body-part prefix)	*piš-
47	pig	*p’ašni
48	cuts X	*p’uš-ya
49	louse	*skaata
50	sleeps	*ɬtata-ya
51	two	*-t’uy
52	sells X	*st’aa-ya
53	mouth	*kiɬni
54	hand-related (body-part prefix)	*maka-
55	knows X	*k’a¢ii-ya
56	year	*k’aata
57	tooth-related (body-part prefix)	*ta¢a-
58	breast	*¢’ík’iiti
59	stone	*čiwiš
60	sugar cane	*č’ankati
61	rain	*saʔiini
62	blows X	*sunu-ya
63	sweet	*saqsi(ʔ)
64	bitter	*suuni
65	eats	*wahin-ya
66	is lying down, is supine	*maa-ɬi
67	lizard	*slul
68	is seated	*wii-ɬi
69	liver	*ɬwak’ak’a
70	throws X, throws X away	*maq’an-ya

Brown et al. (2014)

Additional Proto-Totonacan reconstructions by Brown, Wichmann & Beck (2014).

gloss	Proto-Totonacan
‘brain’	*(a'k)skititi
‘proximal, this, here-’	*a'n-
‘dark, night'	*ȼiː's
‘meat’	*kiníːt
‘to be cold’	*ka's-
‘head (prefix)’	*kuk-
‘oak’	*kukat
‘pretty, handsome’	*ku'si
‘face, planar surface’	*laka-
‘bone’	*lukuti
‘to be lying’	*paː'
‘belly, side’	*paːn
‘cloud’	*puqɬ(ni) ~ *pukɬ(ni)
‘to fold’	*qa'ps-
‘nixtamal’	*qa'waː
‘to cut with blade’	*sit-
‘to peel something (inner skin, outer layer)’	*suː ~ *šuː
‘flowerV’	*ša'ná
‘water, rain’	*škaːn
‘fire, burn’	*šqu
‘that (medial)’	*ta'
‘proprietary spirit’	*tiːkúː'
‘land, earth’	*ti'ya't
‘to sew’	*¢a'pá'
‘chew’	*¢a'qá'
‘cricket’	*¢iː'š ~ ¢iː's
‘heavy’	*¢i'nk-
‘frog’	*waq
‘medial’	*a'n
‘proximal’	*aː
‘specific/distal’	*ta'
‘demonstrative’	*w ~ *u
‘proximal’	*w + aː
‘be lying’	*w + maː'
‘medial’	*w + a'n