Latin edit

 
The Capitoline Hill under Constantine the Great, Museum of Roman Civilization

Etymology edit

From Capitōlium (Capitoline Hill) +‎ -īnus (-ine, -ine: forming adjectives), from the oblique stem of caput (head) + (forming nouns) or -ōlus (-ole: forming diminutives) + -ium (forming location names). As a proper noun, a clipping of Mons or Clivus Capitolinus (Capitoline Hill). As a cognomen, usually taken to be in reference to Marcus Manlius Capitolinus's legendary victory at the Capitoline Hill over an invasion by the Gauls in 390 BC although Mommsen believed it more likely in reference to the location of the family house (domus).

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

Capitōlīnus (feminine Capitōlīna, neuter Capitōlīnum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. Capitoline
    quercus Capitōlīna
    Capitoline oak, a garland of oak-leaves awarded in the Capitoline games

Declension edit

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative Capitōlīnus Capitōlīna Capitōlīnum Capitōlīnī Capitōlīnae Capitōlīna
Genitive Capitōlīnī Capitōlīnae Capitōlīnī Capitōlīnōrum Capitōlīnārum Capitōlīnōrum
Dative Capitōlīnō Capitōlīnō Capitōlīnīs
Accusative Capitōlīnum Capitōlīnam Capitōlīnum Capitōlīnōs Capitōlīnās Capitōlīna
Ablative Capitōlīnō Capitōlīnā Capitōlīnō Capitōlīnīs
Vocative Capitōlīne Capitōlīna Capitōlīnum Capitōlīnī Capitōlīnae Capitōlīna

Proper noun edit

Capitōlīnus m sg (genitive Capitōlīnī); second declension

  1. Synonym of Capitōlium, the Capitoline Hill
  2. Capitoline, an epithet of Jupiter in reference to his temple on the Capitoline Hill
  3. (chiefly in the plural) One of the Capitolini, the priests who directed the Capitoline Games
  4. A Roman cognomen of the gens Manlia

Declension edit

Second-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative Capitōlīnus Capitōlīnī
Genitive Capitōlīnī Capitōlīnōrum
Dative Capitōlīnō Capitōlīnīs
Accusative Capitōlīnum Capitōlīnōs
Ablative Capitōlīnō Capitōlīnīs
Vocative Capitōlīne Capitōlīnī

Descendants edit

  • English: Capitoline
  • Italian: capitolino
  • Koine Greek: Καπετώλιος (Kapetṓlios) (semi-learned)

Further reading edit

  • Capitolinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • Capitolinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Capitolinus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • Capitolinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 260
  • Capitolinus in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, volume 1, 8th edition, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 981
  • Capitolinus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers