Lietuva
Latvian
editEtymology
editFrom the same stem as leitis (“Lithuanian”) (q.v.): *leit-, from which also liet (“to pour”), lietus (“rain”)) (q.v.). First mentioned in Annals of Quedlinburg as (Litua, from an earlier *Lētuvā, apparently from *leit- with a suffix (perhaps + -uve). Cognates include Lithuanian Lietuvà.[1] More information at Name of Lithuania.
Pronunciation
editProper noun
editLietuva f (4th declension)
- Lithuania (a country in northeastern Europe; official name: Lietuvas Republika)
- Lietuvas karogs ― the flag of Lithuania
- Lietuvas teritorija ― the territory of Lithuania
- Lietuva ir valsts Baltijas jūras austrumu krastā ― Lithuania is a country on the eastern coast of the Baltic sea
Declension
editsingular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | Lietuva | — |
genitive | Lietuvas | — |
dative | Lietuvai | — |
accusative | Lietuvu | — |
instrumental | Lietuvu | — |
locative | Lietuvā | — |
vocative | Lietuva | — |
Related terms
edit- leitis, leitiete
- lietuvietis, lietuviete
- lietuvis, lietuve
- lietuvisks
- lietuviešu valoda, leišu valoda
See also
edit- Albānija
- Andora
- Apvienotā Karaliste
- Armēnija
- Austrija
- Azerbaidžāna
- Baltkrievija
- Beļģija
- Bosnija un Hercegovina
- Bulgārija
- Čehija
- Dānija
- Francija
- Grieķija
- Gruzija
- Horvātija
- Igaunija
- Islande ~ Īslande
- Itālija
- Īrija
- Kazahstāna
- Kipra
- Kosova
- Krievija
- Latvija
- Lietuva
- Lihtenšteina
- Luksemburga
- Malta
- Melnkalne
- Moldova
- Monako
- Nīderlande
- Norvēģija
- Polija
- Portugāle
- Rumānija
- Sanmarīno
- Serbija
- Slovākija
- Slovēnija
- Somija
- Spānija
- Šveice
- Turcija
- Ukraina
- Ungārija
- Vatikāns
- Vācija
- Ziemeļmaķedonija
- Zviedrija
References
edit- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “lietuvieši”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [Latvian Etymological Dictionary][1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Lithuanian
editEtymology
editFrom an earlier *Lētuvā, possibly from an earlier *Lietā or *Lētā with the suffix + -uva, denoting a region (see Sūduva, *Jotuva (“region of the Yotvingians”)).
Further etymology uncertain and debated, with several proposed etymologies:
- Most commonly, believed to have originated from the rivulet Lietauka from Old Lithuanian *Lietavà. Its etymology is unclear, but the root liet- likely comes from Proto-Balto-Slavic *l(e/o)ʔi-, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *ley- (“to flow, pour, stream; to glide, slip, be slippery”), and is cognate with lietus (“rain”), lieti (“to pour”). It is an 11-kilometer-long rivulet in central Lithuania. According to Kazimieras Kuzavinis, this rivulet may have given its name to the surrounding territory, which includes nearby Kernavė, a medieval capital of Lithuania, and gradually expanded to become a name for the medieval Lithuanian state.
- According to Jan Otrębski, from an old name of the Neman river, *Leitā, attested in Alytus, from Old Lithuanian *Leitā (“city on the Leita river”).
- According to Simas Karaliūnas, from Old Lithuanian *lietā (“army, armed force”), from lieti (“to cast metal”), ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *ley- (“to flow, pour”).
- According to Artūras Dubonis, from leitis (“member of a social group in service of the monarch in Medieval Lithuania”).
Popular etymologies connect it with lietus (“rain”).
Compare Samogitian Lietova.
Pronunciation
editProper noun
editLietuvà f (uncountable, relational adjective lietùviškas, demonym lietùvis, female demonym lietùvė) stress pattern 3a
- Lithuania (a country in northeastern Europe; official name: Lietuvõs Respùblika)
Declension
editnominative | Lietuvà |
---|---|
genitive | Lietuvõs |
dative | Li̇́etuvai |
accusative | Li̇́etuvą |
instrumental | Li̇́etuva |
locative | Lietuvojè |
vocative | Li̇́etuva |
Derived terms
edit- Didžióji Lietuvà
- lietùvininkas
- lietuviškùmas (“state of being Lithuanian”)
- lietuvýbė
- LR
- Mažóji Lietuvà
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- → Georgian: ლიეტუვა (lieṭuva)
See also
edit- Ai̇̃rija
- Albãnija
- Andorà
- Armė́nija
- Áustrija
- Azerbaidžãnas
- Baltarùsija, Gùdija
- Bel̃gija
- Bòsnija ir̃ Hercegovinà
- Bulgãrija
- Čèkija
- Dãnija
- Èstija
- Grai̇̃kija
- Islándija
- Ispãnija
- Itãlija
- Jungti̇̀nė Karalỹstė
- Juodkalnijà
- Kazachstãnas
- Ki̇̀pras
- Kòsovas
- Kroãtija
- Lãtvija
- Lénkija
- Li̇̀chtenšteinas
- Lietuvà
- Liùksemburgas
- Málta
- Moldovà, Moldãvija
- Mònakas
- Nýderlandai, Olándija
- Norvègija
- Portugãlija
- Prancūzijà
- Rumùnija
- Rùsija
- Sakartvèlas, Grùzija
- San Mari̇̀nas
- Ser̃bija
- Slovãkija
- Slovė́nija
- Súomija
- Šiáurės Makedònija
- Švèdija
- Šveicãrija
- Tur̃kija
- Ukrainà
- Vatikãnas
- Veñgrija
- Vokietijà
Further reading
edit- “Lietuvos vardas (Name of Lithuania)” in Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (Universal Lithuanian Encyclopedia)
- Kuzavinis K., Lietuvos vardo kilmė // Lietuvos TSR aukštųjų mokyklų darbai. Kalbotyra, t. 10 (1964), p. 5−18, t. 17 (1967), p. 135−137.
- Dubonis, Artūras (1998). Lietuvos didžiojo kunigaikščio leičiai: iš Lietuvos ankstyvųjų valstybinių struktūrų praeities (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Lietuvos istorijos instituto leidykla. p. 15.
Northern Sami
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editLietuva
Declension
editEven a-stem, no gradation | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | Lietuva | |||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | Lietuva | |||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | Lietuva | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accusative | Lietuva | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | Lietuva | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Illative | Lietuvii | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | Lietuvas | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Comitative | Lietuvain | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Essive | Lietuvan | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Further reading
edit- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[2], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Latvian terms suffixed with -uve
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian terms with audio pronunciation
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian proper nouns
- Latvian feminine nouns
- lv:Lithuania
- lv:Countries in Europe
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian fourth declension proper nouns
- Lithuanian terms suffixed with -uva
- Lithuanian terms derived from Old Lithuanian
- Lithuanian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Lithuanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lithuanian uncountable nouns
- Lithuanian lemmas
- Lithuanian proper nouns
- Lithuanian feminine nouns
- lt:Lithuania
- lt:Countries in Europe
- Northern Sami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Northern Sami 3-syllable words
- Northern Sami lemmas
- Northern Sami proper nouns
- se:Lithuania
- se:Countries in Europe
- Northern Sami even nouns
- Northern Sami even a-stem nouns
- Northern Sami non-gradating even nouns
- Northern Sami uncountable nouns