Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/wrigants

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Unknown. Pokorny suggests Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis (worm),[2] but Matasović dismisses the similarity as “probably accidental” and instead suggests a non-Indo-European substrate.[1] Less supported possibilities include Proto-Indo-European *werg- (to suffer)[3] and *wreyḱ- (to bend, twist).

Noun

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*wrigants f

  1. vermin

Inflection

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Masculine/feminine consonant stem
singular dual plural
nominative *wrigants *wrigante *wrigantes
vocative *wrigants *wrigante *wrigantes
accusative *wrigantam *wrigante *wrigantans
genitive *wrigantos *wrigantou *wrigantom
dative *wrigantei *wrigantobom *wrigantobos
locative *wriganti
instrumental *wrigante? *wrigantobim *wrigantobis

Descendants

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  • Proto-Brythonic: *gwreɣ
  • Middle Irish: frige (flesh-worm), frigde
    • Scottish Gaelic: fride (a ringworm)
  • Latin: (Gallo-Latin) brigantēs

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*wrig(g)ant-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 430
  2. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1152”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1152
  3. ^ MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “frìde”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language[1], Stirling, →ISBN, page 181
  4. ^ Stifter, David (2023) “The rise of gemination in Celtic”, in Open Research Europe[2], volume 3, number 24, →DOI, page 23