Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fra-

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“before, in front of”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πρό- (pró-, “in front of”).

Prefix

*fra-

1. off, away
2. completely, fully, up

Derived terms

Proto-Germanic terms prefixed with *fra-

Descendants

All descendants except Gothic have merged the prefixes *fra-, *furi- and *firi-.

• Proto-West Germanic: *fra-, *far-, *fur-, *fir-
  • Old English: for-, fer-, fær-, fier-
    • Middle English: for-, far-, fer-, vor-
      • English: for-
      • Scots: for-
  • Old Frisian: for-
    • Saterland Frisian: fer-
    • West Frisian: for-, fer-
  • Old Saxon: far-, fir-; for-
    • Middle Low German: vor-
      • Low German: for-, ver-
  • Old Dutch: far-, for-, fer-
    • Middle Dutch: ver-
      • Dutch: ver-
  • Old High German: far-, fir-
    • Middle High German: ver-
      • German: ver-
      • Yiddish: פֿאַר־ (far-)
• Old Norse: for-, fyr-, fir-
  • Icelandic: for-
  • Norwegian: for-
  • Swedish: för-
  • Danish: for-
• Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-)