Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haiþinaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *haiþī (“heath; untilled land”) +‎ *-īnaz (“made of; having the characteristics of”). Originally presumed to be of Christian origin, however the word is attested by Ptolemy long before Christianity had spread among the Germanic peoples.

Adjective

*haiþinaz

1. from or of uncultivated land

Inflection

Declension of *haiþinaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*haiþinaz	*haiþinō	*haiþiną, *-at(ō)		*haiþinai	*haiþinôz	*haiþinō
accusative	*haiþinanǭ	*haiþinǭ	*haiþiną, *-at(ō)		*haiþinanz	*haiþinōz	*haiþinō
genitive	*haiþinas, *haiþinis	*haiþinaizōz	*haiþinas, *haiþinis		*haiþinaizǫ̂	*haiþinaizǫ̂	*haiþinaizǫ̂
dative	*haiþinammai	*haiþinaizōi	*haiþinammai		*haiþinaimaz	*haiþinaimaz	*haiþinaimaz
instrumental	*haiþinanō	*haiþinaizō	*haiþinanō		*haiþinaimiz	*haiþinaimiz	*haiþinaimiz
Weak declension
	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*haiþinô	*haiþinǭ	*haiþinô		*haiþinaniz	*haiþinōniz	*haiþinōnō
accusative	*haiþinanų	*haiþinōnų	*haiþinô		*haiþinanunz	*haiþinōnunz	*haiþinōnō
genitive	*haiþininiz	*haiþinōniz	*haiþininiz		*haiþinanǫ̂	*haiþinōnǫ̂	*haiþinanǫ̂
dative	*haiþinini	*haiþinōni	*haiþinini		*haiþinammaz	*haiþinōmaz	*haiþinammaz
instrumental	*haiþininē	*haiþinōnē	*haiþininē		*haiþinammiz	*haiþinōmiz	*haiþinammiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *haiþin
  • Old English: hǣþen, hǣðen — edh spelling
    • Middle English: hethen
      • English: heathen
      • Scots: haithen
• Old Norse: heiðinn
  • ⇒ Danish: hedensk
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: hedensk
  • Icelandic: heiðinn
  • Old Swedish: heþin
    • Swedish: heden

Noun

*haiþinaz m

1. "a person from uncultivated land"; one of the Chaedini, a Germanic people of western Scandinavia mentioned by Ptolemy in his Geographia

Inflection

Declension of *haiþinaz (masculine a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	*haiþinaz	*haiþinōz, *haiþinōs
vocative	*haiþin	*haiþinōz, *haiþinōs
accusative	*haiþiną	*haiþinanz
genitive	*haiþinas, *haiþinis	*haiþinǫ̂
dative	*haiþinai	*haiþinamaz
instrumental	*haiþinō	*haiþinamiz

Descendants

• → Ancient Greek: Χαιδεινοι (Khaideinoi)
  • → Latin: Chaedinī