Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lagą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈlɑ.ɣɑ̃/

Noun

*lagą n

situation
law
a settled amount (cost, price, payment, etc.)

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *lagą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*lagą	*lagō
vocative	*lagą	*lagō
accusative	*lagą	*lagō
genitive	lagas, lagis	*lagǫ̂
dative	*lagai	*lagamaz
instrumental	*lagō	*lagamiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *lag
- Old English: *læġ
  - Middle English: lai, lay, lagh
    - English: lay
    - Scots: lay
  - ⇒ Old English: ġelæġ
  - ⇒ Old English: oferlæġ
- ⇒ Old Frisian: laga
  - North Frisian: lag, log
- Old Saxon: *lag
  - Middle Low German: lag, lach, lōch, lov
- Old Dutch: lag
  - Middle Dutch: lach
    - Dutch: lag
Old Norse: lag n; lǫg n pl
- Icelandic: lag n; lög n pl
- Faroese: lag
- Norwegian Nynorsk: lag n; log f
- Old Swedish: lagh
  - Swedish: lag n, lag c or f
    - → Finnish: laki
- Old Danish: lagh, logh
  - Danish: lag n, lav c, lov
    - Norwegian Bokmål: lag n, lov m
    - → Faroese: lóg f
    - → Norwegian Nynorsk: lov f or m
- → Old English: lagu
  - → Middle English: lawe, laȝe, lagh
    - English: law (“score, share of expense, legal charge”)
- Scots: lauch, lawch
- Old West Norse:
  - Icelandic: lög n pl
  - Faroese: løg-
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: log f; (dialectal) løg f
- Old East Norse:
  - Old Swedish: lagh f
    - Swedish: lag c
    - → Finnish: laki
  - Old Danish: lagh, logh, ᛚᚮᚼ n pl or f
    - Danish: lov c
      - Norwegian Bokmål: lov
      - → Faroese: lóg f
      - → Norwegian: lov f or m (partially through Bokmål)
- → Old English: lagu f
  - Middle English: lawe, laȝe, laugh, laue
    - English: law
    - Scots: law
→ Proto-Finnic: *lako (see there for further descendants)