Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wartǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wers-. Cognate with Latin verrūca (“high place; excrescence, wart”), Lithuanian viršus (“top”), Old Church Slavonic врьхъ (vrĭxŭ, “top, peak”), Ancient Greek ἕρμα (hérma, “reef, rock, hill”), Sanskrit वर्ष्मन् (varṣman, “protrusion, summit, peak, top, vertex”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwɑr.tɔ̃ː/

Noun

*wartǭ f

1. wart

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *wartǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*wartǭ	*wartōniz
vocative	*wartǭ	*wartōniz
accusative	*wartōnų	*wartōnunz
genitive	*wartōniz	*wartōnǫ̂
dative	*wartōni	*wartōmaz
instrumental	*wartōnē	*wartōmiz

Descendants

• Old English: wearte
  • Middle English: warte, wrette, werte
    • English: wart, wrot (dialectal)
    • Scots: wrat
• Old Frisian: warte, worte
  • Saterland Frisian: Wotte, Woote
  • West Frisian: wart
• Old Saxon: warta, *wratta
  • Middle Low German: warte, worte, wratte
    • Low German: Waart, Wratt
• Old Dutch: *warta, wratt
  • Middle Dutch: wratte, warte, worte
    • Dutch: wrat
      • ⇒ Afrikaans: vratjie
• Old High German: warza, werza
  • Middle High German: warze, werze
    • Cimbrian: bèertza
    • German: Warze
    • Hunsrik: Waarz
    • Luxembourgish: Waarzel
• Old Norse: varta
  • Icelandic: varta
  • Faroese: vørta (“nipple”)
  • Norwegian Bokmål: vorte
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: vorte
  • Old Swedish: varta
    • Swedish: vårta
  • Old Danish: wartæ
    • Danish: vorte