Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱm̥tóm

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Contents

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative forms

• *h₁ḱm̥tóm (< *dḱm̥tóm)

Etymology

Some sort of derivation from *déḱm̥ (“ten”) (with Pre-IE *d lost or merged with *h₁ in the same way the initial dental obstruent was lost in the oblique cases of *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”)), perhaps its ordinal number (*dḱm̥t + *-ó-). If so then this could come from some phrase, "tenth ?", whose substantive noun can only be conjectured.

Numeral

cardinal number

100	Previous:	*h₁néwn̥h₁ḱomt
	Next:	*ǵʰéslom

*ḱm̥tóm or *dḱm̥tóm (uninflected)

1. hundred

Descendants

• Balto-Slavic: *śímta
  • Latvian: simts
  • Lithuanian: šimtas
  • Slavic: *sъto (with irregular *im > ъ; the expected outcome is **sęto) (see there for further descendants)
• Celtic: *kantom (see there for further descendants)
• Germanic: *hundą, *hundaradą (see there for further descendants)
• Hellenic: *hekətón (with unexpected prefix *he-, perhaps by analogy with ἕν (hén) or inheritance from *h₁ḱm̥tóm)
  • Ancient Greek: ἑκατόν (hekatón), ἑκοτόν (hekotón)
    • Greek: εκατό (ekató)
    • → Katharevousa: εκατόν (ekatón)
    • → English: hecato-
  • Arcadocypriot ἑκοτόν (hekotón)
• Indo-Iranian: *ćatám (see there for further descendants)
  • → Uralic: *śata (see there for further descendants)
• Italic: *kentom
  • Latin: centum (see there for further descendants)
• Tocharian: *känte
  • Tocharian A: känt
  • Tocharian B: kante

References

• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN