Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂el-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₂el- (imperfective)

2. to grow, nourish

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)

• *h₂él-e-ti (thematic root present)
• *h₂ol-éye-ti (causative)
  • Proto-Germanic: *aljaną (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *oleō
    • Latin: *oleō (found only in compounds: aboleō, adoleō etc.)
• *h₂él-o-mn-o-s (mediopassive participle)
  • Proto-Italic: *alomnos
    • Latin: alumnus (see there for further descendants)
• *h₂el-mn̥-to-m
  • Proto-Italic: *almentom
    • Latin: alimentum (see there for further descendants)
• *h₂el-mos
  • Proto-Italic: *almos
    • Latin: almus (see there for further descendants)
• *h₂él-ti-s ~ *h₂l̥-téy-s
  • Proto-Germanic: *aldiz (see there for further descendants)
• *h₂el-tó-s
  • Proto-Celtic: *altos (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *aldaz (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *altos
    • Latin: altus (see there for further descendants)
• *h₂el-dʰr-o-m or *h₂el-tr-ó-m
  • Proto-Germanic: *aldrą (see there for further descendants)
• *h₂el-wó-s
  • Proto-Italic: *alwos (perhaps)
    • Latin: alvus (see there for further descendants)
• *h₂el-i-
  • Proto-Italic:
    • Latin: (ind)olēs, (pr)ōlēs
• *h₂el-dʰ-
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἀλθαίνω (althaínō) ('I heal' LSJ at Perseus)

Root

*h₂el-

2. beyond, other

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (other)

• *h₂él-yo-s
• *h₂él-tero-s
• *h₂el-no- ~ *h₂elnós
  • Proto-Germanic: *allaz
  • Proto-Italic: *alnos
    • Oscan: allo (nom. sg. f.)
  • Proto-Tocharian: *ālle-kä
    • Tocharian A: ālak
    • Tocharian B: allek
• *h₂él-eno-s
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háranas
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Háranas
      • Sanskrit: अरण (áraṇa, “foreign, distant”)
• *h₂ol-s
  • Proto-Italic: *ols
    • Latin: uls
• *h₂ol-teros
  • Proto-Italic: *olteros
    • Latin: ulter, ultrā
• *h₂ol-no- ~ *h₂l̥-no-
  • Proto-Albanian: *alnā
    • Albanian: lloj
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Slavic: *olni (“last year”)
  • Italic:
    • Latin: ollus, olle, ōlim, ille
• *h₂olyos
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: ողջ (ołǰ)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: aliai
  • Proto-Celtic: *olyos (see there for further descendants)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Tocharian:
    • Tocharian B: āläm
    • Tocharian B: ālo

Root

*h₂el- (imperfective)

2. to wander, roam

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (wander)

• *h₂el-éh₂-ye-ti
  • Ancient Greek: ἀλάομαι (aláomai, “to wander, roam”)
  • Italic: *alō
    • Latin: *alō (compound in ambulō)
• *h₂l-éh₂
  • Ancient Greek: ἄλη (álē, “wandering”)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Armenian:
    • Armenian: աղամող (ałamoł)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Latvian: aluot (“to wander around, to get lost”)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἀλύω (alúō, “to wander in mind, to roam”)
  • Italic:
    • Latin: alucinor
  • Tocharian:
    • Tocharian A: āl-
    • Tocharian B: āl- (“to keep away, check, restrain”)

References

• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• Julius Pokorny (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, in 3 volumes, Bern, München: Francke Verlag