Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Particle

*ne

1. not

Derived terms

• *n̥-
• *neh₁-
  • Italic:
    • Latin: nē
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Slavic: *ně (“some but indefinite who”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Germanic: *nē (“none”) (see there for further descendants)
• *ney-
  • Italic:
    • Latin: nī
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: nei (“none”)
    • Slavic: *ni (“none, nor”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Germanic: *nai (“not, never”)
    • Gothic: 𐌽𐌴𐌹 (nei)
    • Old Norse: nei

Descendants

• Balto-Slavic: *ne
  • Latvian: ne
  • Lithuanian: nè
  • Slavic: *ne (see there for further descendants)
• Celtic: *ne
  • Celtiberian: ne
  • ⇒ Celtic: *nīs (insular)
    • Old Irish: ní
      • Irish: ní
    • Brythonic: *ni
      • Old Breton: ne
        • Middle Breton: ne
          • Breton: ne
      • Cornish: ny
      • Old Welsh: ni
        • Middle Welsh: ny, nyt
          • Welsh: ni
• Germanic: *ne, *ni (see there for further descendants)
• Indo-Iranian: *ná (see there for further descendants)
• Italic: *ne
  • Old Latin: ne
    • Latin: nē

See also

• *meh₁

Further reading

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 756