Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pótnih₂

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *pótis (“master, husband”) +‎ *-nih₂ (feminizing suffix).

Noun

*pótnih₂ f^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*pótnih₂
genitive	*pótn̥yeh₂s
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pótnih₂	*pótnih₂h₁(e)	*pótnih₂es
vocative	*pótnih₂	*pótnih₂h₁(e)	*pótnih₂es
accusative	*pótnih₂m̥	*pótnih₂h₁(e)	*pótnih₂m̥s
genitive	*pótn̥yeh₂s	*?	*pótn̥yeh₂oHom
ablative	*pótn̥yeh₂s	*?	pótn̥yeh₂mos, pótn̥yeh₂bʰos
dative	*pótn̥yeh₂ey	*?	pótn̥yeh₂mos, pótn̥yeh₂bʰos
locative	pótn̥yeh₂, pótn̥yeh₂i	*?	*pótn̥yeh₂su
instrumental	*pótn̥yeh₂h₁	*?	pótn̥yeh₂mis, pótn̥yeh₂bʰis

Derived terms

*déms-pótnih₂
- Proto-Hellenic: *déspoňňa (“lady of the house”) (see there for further descendants)
*wiḱ-pótnih₂^[5]
- Albanian: zonjë (“lady”)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  - Lithuanian: viēšpati (“queen, mistress, lady”)
  - Old Prussian: waispattin (“mistress of a house”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wićpátniH
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wiśpátniH
    - Sanskrit: विश्पत्नी (viśpátnī)
*sm̥-pót-nih₂ (“co-wife; concubine”)^[6]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *sapátniH (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *patī
- Latvian: pati
- Lithuanian: pati̇̀
Proto-Hellenic: *pótnia (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pátniH (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πότνια”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1227
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “pátnī-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “pati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 345
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “pátnī-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 75
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “viēšpati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 502
^ Sadovski, Velizar (2017–2018) “Chapter VI: Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Iranian, page 585: “PIIr. *sa-pátniH-”