Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/CyaHmákah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *cyaHmáh (“black, dark-colored”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás, +‎ *-kah (“hypocoristic suffix”).

Proper noun

*CyaHmákah

a male given name

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*CyaHmákah	*CyaHmákā(w)	*CyaHmákāh(ah)
vocative	*CyaHmáka	*CyaHmákā(w)	*CyaHmákāh(ah)
accusative	*CyaHmákam	*CyaHmákā(w)	*CyaHmákānh
instrumental	*CyaHmákaH	*CyaHmákaybʰyā(m)	*CyaHmákāyš
ablative	*CyaHmákāt	*CyaHmákaybʰyā(m)	*CyaHmákaybʰyah
dative	*CyaHmákāy	*CyaHmákaybʰyā(m)	*CyaHmákaybʰyah
genitive	*CyaHmákahya	*CyaHmákayāh	*CyaHmákānaHam
locative	*CyaHmákay	*CyaHmákayaw	*CyaHmákayšu

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Younger Avestan: 𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬐𐬀 (Siiāmaka)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Proto-Scythian: *Śāmak(k)i
  - Proto-Sarmatian: *Šōmax^[1]
    - → Ancient Greek: Σιώμαχος (Siṓmakhos) (see there for further descendants)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Old Median: *Syāmakah^[2]^[3]^[4]
  - → Imperial Aramaic: 𐡎𐡉𐡌𐡊 (symk)
  - → Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (syyʾmk /⁠Siyāmak⁠/)
    - Classical Persian: سِیَامَک (siyāmak) (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Palunčić, Filip (2019) “Ossetic historical phonology and North-Eastern Iranian anthroponomastics”, in Proceedings of the Eighth European Conference of Iranian Studies (Studies on pre-Islamic Iran and Historical Linguistics), volume I, St. Petersburg: State Hermitage Publishers
^ Tavernier, Jan (2007) “4.2.1619. *Syāmaka-”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 316
^ Hinz, Walther (1975) “*syāmaka-”, in Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎^[1] (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 220
^ Janda, Michael (2004) “*syāmaka-”, in Die Sprache Der Meder (dissertation)‎^[2] (in German), University of Zurich, page 123

[1] Palunčić, Filip (2019) “Ossetic historical phonology and North-Eastern Iranian anthroponomastics”, in Proceedings of the Eighth European Conference of Iranian Studies (Studies on pre-Islamic Iran and Historical Linguistics), volume I, St. Petersburg: State Hermitage Publishers

[2] Tavernier, Jan (2007) “4.2.1619. *Syāmaka-”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 316

[3] Hinz, Walther (1975) “*syāmaka-”, in Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎^[1] (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 220

[4] Janda, Michael (2004) “*syāmaka-”, in Die Sprache Der Meder (dissertation)‎^[2] (in German), University of Zurich, page 123

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